关于夜惊症的进化视角。
An evolutionary perspective on night terrors.
作者信息
Boyden Sean D, Pott Martha, Starks Philip T
机构信息
Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
Eliot-Pearson Department of Child Study and Human Development, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
出版信息
Evol Med Public Health. 2018 Apr 14;2018(1):100-105. doi: 10.1093/emph/eoy010. eCollection 2018.
Night terrors, also known as sleep terrors, are an early childhood parasomnia characterized by screams or cries, behavioral manifestations of extreme fear, difficulty waking and inconsolability upon awakening. The mechanism causing night terrors is unknown, and a consistently successful treatment has yet to be documented. Here, we argue that cultural practices have moved us away from an ultimate solution: cosleeping. Cosleeping is the norm for closely related primates and for humans in non-Western cultures. In recent years, however, cosleeping has been discouraged by the Western medical community. From an evolutionary perspective, cosleeping provides health and safety benefits for developing children. We discuss night terrors, and immediate and long-term health features, with respect to cosleeping, room-sharing and solitary sleeping. We suggest that cosleeping with children (≥1-year-old) may prevent night terrors and that, under certain circumstances, cosleeping with infants (≤11-months-old) is preferable to room-sharing, and both are preferable to solitary sleeping.
夜惊，也称为睡眠惊跳，是一种幼儿期的异态睡眠，其特征为尖叫或哭闹、极度恐惧的行为表现、难以唤醒以及醒来后无法安抚。导致夜惊的机制尚不清楚，且尚未有持续成功的治疗方法被记录下来。在此，我们认为文化习俗使我们偏离了一个终极解决方案：同床共眠。同床共眠是亲缘关系密切的灵长类动物以及非西方文化中的人类的常态。然而，近年来，西方医学界不鼓励同床共眠。从进化的角度来看，同床共眠为发育中的儿童提供健康和安全保障。我们讨论了与同床共眠、分房睡和单独睡相关的夜惊以及即时和长期的健康特征。我们建议与儿童（≥1岁）同床共眠可能预防夜惊，并且在某些情况下，与婴儿（≤11个月大）同床共眠优于分房睡，而这两者都优于单独睡。
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