Girotra Shantanu, Yeghiazaryan Kristina, Golubnitschaja Olga
Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Germany.
Per Med. 2016 Sep;13(5):469-484. doi: 10.2217/pme-2016-0020. Epub 2016 Jul 27.
Breast cancer (BC) prevalence has reached an epidemic scale with half a million deaths annually. Current deficits in BC management include predictive and preventive approaches, optimized screening programs, individualized patient profiling, highly sensitive detection technologies for more precise diagnostics and therapy monitoring, individualized prediction and effective treatment of BC metastatic disease. To advance BC management, paradigm shift from delayed to predictive, preventive and personalized medical services is essential. Corresponding step forwards requires innovative multilevel diagnostics procuring specific panels of validated biomarkers. Here, we discuss current instrumental advancements including genomics, proteomics, epigenetics, miRNA, metabolomics, circulating tumor cells and cancer stem cells with a focus on biomarker discovery and multilevel diagnostic panels. A list of the recommended biomarker candidates is provided.
乳腺癌（BC）的患病率已达到流行规模，每年有50万人死亡。目前乳腺癌管理方面的不足包括预测和预防方法、优化的筛查计划、个性化的患者特征分析、用于更精确诊断和治疗监测的高灵敏度检测技术、乳腺癌转移疾病的个性化预测和有效治疗。为了推进乳腺癌管理，从延迟医疗服务向预测性、预防性和个性化医疗服务的范式转变至关重要。相应的向前迈进需要创新的多层次诊断方法，获取经过验证的生物标志物的特定组合。在此，我们讨论当前的技术进展，包括基因组学、蛋白质组学、表观遗传学、微小RNA、代谢组学、循环肿瘤细胞和癌症干细胞，重点是生物标志物发现和多层次诊断组合。还提供了推荐的生物标志物候选清单。
