Goodman Laura F, Jensen Guy W, Galante Joseph M, Farmer Diana L, Taché Stephanie
Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Health, 2315 Stockton Blvd, OP 512, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
General Medicine Division, MK3, Technical University Dresden, Carus School of Medicine, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
BMC Fam Pract. 2018 May 16;19(1):64. doi: 10.1186/s12875-018-0758-x.
Over one million asylum seekers were registered in Germany in 2016, most from Syria and Afghanistan. The Refugee Convention guarantees access to healthcare, however delivery mechanisms remain heterogeneous. There is an urgent need for more data describing the health conditions of asylum seekers to guide best practices for healthcare delivery. In this study, we describe the state of health of asylum seekers presenting to a multi-specialty primary care refugee clinic.
Demographic and medical diagnosis data were extracted from the electronic medical records of patients seen at the ambulatory refugee clinic in Dresden, Germany between 15 September 2015 and 31 December 2016. Data were de-identified and analyzed using Stata version 14.0.
Two-thousand-seven-hundred and fifty-three individual patients were seen in the clinic. Of these, 2232 (81.1%) were insured by the state indicating arrival within the last 3 months. The median age was 25, interquartile range 16-34. Only 786 (28.6%) were female, while 1967 (71.5%) were male. The most frequent diagnoses were respiratory (17.4%), followed by miscellaneous symptoms and otherwise not classified ailments (R series, 14.1%), infection (10.8%), musculoskeletal or connective tissue (9.3%), gastrointestinal (6.8%), injury (5.9%), and mental or behavioral (5.1%) categories.
This study illustrates the diverse medical conditions that affect the asylum seeker population. Asylum seekers in our study group did not have a high burden of communicable diseases, however several warranted additional screening and treatment, including for tuberculosis and scabies. Respiratory illnesses were more common amongst newly arrived refugees. Trauma-related mental health disorders comprised half of mental health diagnoses.
2016年，德国登记的寻求庇护者超过100万，其中大多数来自叙利亚和阿富汗。《难民公约》保障了获得医疗保健的权利，然而，提供医疗服务的机制仍然参差不齐。迫切需要更多描述寻求庇护者健康状况的数据，以指导最佳的医疗服务实践。在本研究中，我们描述了前往一家多专科初级保健难民诊所的寻求庇护者的健康状况。
从2015年9月15日至2016年12月31日期间在德国德累斯顿的流动难民诊所就诊的患者的电子病历中提取人口统计学和医学诊断数据。数据经过去识别处理，并使用Stata 14.0版本进行分析。
该诊所共接待了2753名患者。其中，2232名（81.1%）由国家提供保险，表明他们是在过去3个月内抵达的。年龄中位数为25岁，四分位间距为16 - 34岁。只有786名（28.6%）为女性，而1967名（71.5%）为男性。最常见的诊断是呼吸系统疾病（17.4%），其次是各种症状及未分类疾病（R系列，14.1%）、感染（10.8%）、肌肉骨骼或结缔组织疾病（9.3%）、胃肠道疾病（6.8%）、损伤（5.9%）以及精神或行为疾病（5.1%）。
本研究说明了影响寻求庇护者群体的各种医疗状况。我们研究组中的寻求庇护者没有很高的传染病负担，然而，有几种疾病需要额外的筛查和治疗，包括结核病和疥疮。呼吸系统疾病在新抵达的难民中更为常见。与创伤相关的心理健康障碍占心理健康诊断的一半。
