Godman Marion
1Department of Political and Economic Studies, University of Helsinki, Unioninkatu 40 A, P.O. Box 24, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
2History and Philosophy of Science, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK.
Biol Philos. 2018;33(3):21. doi: 10.1007/s10539-018-9619-1. Epub 2018 May 10.
Is there anything that members of each binary category of gender have in common? Even many non-essentialists find the lack of unity within a gender worrying as it undermines the basis for a common political agenda for women. One promising proposal for achieving unity is by means of a shared historical lineage of with past binary models of gender (e.g. Bach in Ethics 122:231-272, 2012). I demonstrate how such an account is likely to take on board different binary and also non-binary systems of gender. This implies that all individuals construed as members of the category, "women" are in fact members of the same historical kind after all! I then consider different possible means of modifying the account but conclude negatively: the problem runs deeper than has been appreciated thus far.
每一个二元性别类别中的成员有什么共同之处吗？甚至许多非本质主义者也也担心也会因某一性别内部缺乏统一性而感到担忧，因为这削弱了女性共同政治议程的基础。一个有望实现统一的提议是借助与过去二元性别模式共享的历史脉络（例如巴赫，《伦理学》122:231 - 272，2012年）。我将展示这样一种解释如何可能涵盖不同的二元性别以及非二元性别体系。这意味着，所有被视为“女性”这一类别成员的个体实际上终究属于同一历史类别！然后我考虑了修改这一解释的不同可能方式，但得出了否定的结论：问题比迄今为止所认识到的更为深刻。
