Jensen C, Lerch R
Centre for Immunization and Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.
Can Commun Dis Rep. 2016 Dec 1;42(12):256-259. doi: 10.14745/ccdr.v42i12a04.
The (CIG) is a trusted, reader-friendly summary of information and advice on immunization that has been used by health care providers and policy makers for decades. It is continuously updated based on new recommendations from the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) and the Committee to Advise on Tropical Medicine and Travel (CATMAT), two external advisory bodies to the Public Health Agency of Canada. In September 2016, the CIG moved to a new web platform that has improved navigability and is more mobile friendly. Between April 2015 and October 2016, five new NACI statements were published and are reflected in the CIG. The objective of this article is to provide readers with highlights of recent key changes to active vaccine recommendations in the CIG. For example, for Hepatitis (HA) vaccine, it may now be administered to persons six months of age and older and considered for all individuals receiving repeated replacement of plasma-derived clotting factors. There are now new recommendations for the use of HA immunoglobulin post-exposure prophylaxis. For Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, any of the authorized HPV vaccines in Canada, including HPV9 vaccine, can be used according to the recommended HPV immunization schedules. For influenza vaccine, adults with neurologic or neurodevelopment conditions have been added to the group for whom influenza vaccination is particularly recommended, high-dose influenza vaccine has been approved for use in Canada in adults ≥65 years of age and live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is no longer a preferentially recommended product for use in children and adolescents. On an individual basis, pneumococcal conjugate 13-valent (PNEU-C-13) vaccine may be recommended to immunocompetent adults aged 65 years and older if not previously immunized against pneumococcal disease. When it is given, it should precede the pneumococcal polysaccharide 23-valent (PNEU-P-23) vaccine. Varicella immune globulin may now be administered up to 10 days since last exposure for the purpose of disease attenuation and there were a number of minor changes to the criteria for assessing varicella immunity.
《加拿大免疫指南》（CIG）是一份关于免疫接种的信息和建议的可靠且便于读者阅读的总结资料，几十年来一直被医疗保健提供者和政策制定者所使用。它会根据加拿大公共卫生署的两个外部咨询机构——国家免疫咨询委员会（NACI）和热带医学与旅行咨询委员会（CATMAT）的新建议不断更新。2016年9月，《加拿大免疫指南》迁移到了一个新的网络平台，该平台的可导航性得到了改善，并且对移动设备更友好。在2015年4月至2016年10月期间，国家免疫咨询委员会发布了五项新声明，并在《加拿大免疫指南》中有所体现。本文的目的是向读者介绍《加拿大免疫指南》中近期活性疫苗建议的关键变化要点。例如，对于乙肝（HB）疫苗，现在可用于6个月及以上的人群，并考虑用于所有接受反复输注血浆源性凝血因子替代治疗的个体。现在对于暴露后预防使用乙肝免疫球蛋白有了新的建议。对于人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗，加拿大任何一种获批的HPV疫苗，包括九价HPV疫苗，均可按照推荐的HPV免疫接种程序使用。对于流感疫苗，患有神经或神经发育疾病的成年人被添加到特别推荐接种流感疫苗的人群中，高剂量流感疫苗已在加拿大获批用于65岁及以上的成年人，而减毒活流感疫苗（LAIV）不再是儿童和青少年优先推荐使用的产品。就个体而言，如果65岁及以上免疫功能正常的成年人此前未接种过肺炎球菌疾病疫苗，可推荐接种13价肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV13）。接种时，应在23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗（PPSV23）之前接种。水痘免疫球蛋白现在可在最后一次暴露后长达10天内使用，以减轻疾病症状，并且评估水痘免疫力的标准有一些细微变化。
