Daveluy Amélie, Haramburu Françoise
Inserm U1219, service de pharmacologie médicale, centre d'addictovigilance de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France.
Inserm U1219, service de pharmacologie médicale, centre d'addictovigilance de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France.
Therapie. 2018 Oct;73(5):419-427. doi: 10.1016/j.therap.2018.01.007. Epub 2018 Feb 27.
The government plan for the fight against drugs and addictive behaviors 2013-2017 includes several actions concerning French overseas territories, in particular to strengthen information on drug addiction. The Interministerial mission for combating drugs and addictive behaviors (MILD&CA) has commissioned the Bordeaux addictovigilance center to strengthen exchanges on addictovigilance with Réunion Island and Mayotte and to make an inventory of problematic drug use in these two French departments of Indian Ocean.
Two pharmacologists went on an assignment 4.5 days in Reunion and 2 days in Mayotte and met more than fifty people involved in addictology.
In Reunion Island, alcohol is the psychoactive substance by far the most used, followed by zamal, the local name for cannabis. There is a strong tradition of medicines diversion, including trihexyphenidyl, barbiturates and more recently, benzodiazepines. Heroin and cocaine are rarely available. Poly drug use is common. In Mayotte, bangué, the local name for cannabis, is the most used psychoactive substance. The use of "chimique" has emerged in 2012-2013. It is used mainly by teenagers and young adults, causing numerous cases of hospitalizations and consultations in addictology in 2015. These could be synthetic cannabinoids bought on the Internet.
It is important to report new or serious cases to better take into account the particularities of these two departments in the French addictovigilance data and to enable analysis of substances consumed.
2013 - 2017年政府打击毒品和成瘾行为计划包括多项涉及法国海外领土的行动，特别是加强有关药物成瘾的信息。跨部门打击毒品和成瘾行为特派团（MILD&CA）委托波尔多药物警戒中心加强与留尼汪岛和马约特岛在药物警戒方面的交流，并对这两个印度洋法国省份的问题药物使用情况进行清查。
两名药理学家前往留尼汪岛执行任务4.5天，在马约特岛执行任务2天，并与五十多名从事成瘾学工作的人员进行了会面。
在留尼汪岛，酒精是目前使用最为广泛的精神活性物质，其次是当地称为“扎马尔”的大麻。存在药物转移的强烈传统，包括苯海索、巴比妥类药物，以及最近的苯二氮䓬类药物。海洛因和可卡因很少见。多药使用很普遍。在马约特岛，当地称为“班盖”的大麻是使用最为广泛的精神活性物质。“化学制品”的使用在2012 - 2013年出现。它主要被青少年和年轻人使用，在2015年导致了大量成瘾学方面的住院和咨询病例。这些可能是在互联网上购买的合成大麻素。
报告新的或严重的病例很重要，以便在法国药物警戒数据中更好地考虑这两个省份的特殊性，并能够对所消费的物质进行分析。
