NonScarring Diffuse Hair Loss in Women: a Clinico-Etiological Study from tertiary care center in North-West India.

BACKGROUND

Diffuse hair loss (DHL) is a common problem in adult women and has a major impact on quality of life. Ascertaining the etiological diagnosis is a challenging task in such patients. Satisfactory treatment can only be instituted after ascertaining the cause of hair loss.

OBJECTIVE

To study the clinico-epidemiological profile of nonscarring DHL in females and to ascertain its underlying etiological factors.

STUDY DESIGN

Of a total of 110 females, who presented with nonscarring DHL to the outpatient dermatology department, 100 qualified for inclusion in the study. A detailed history, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations were performed in all the patients. Statistical analysis was performed on the data collected.

RESULTS

Of 100 cases of DHL which were included in the study, commonest was chronic telogen effluvium (CTE) (62%), followed by female pattern hair loss (FPHL) (22%) and acute telogen effluvium (ATE) (16%). Incidence of hair loss was highest in 21-40 years age group. Psychological stress was seen to be a precipitating factor in 18 patients and found most commonly in women belong to CTE group (n-16, 25.8%). Hemoglobin levels ranged from 80 to 142 gm/L (mean: 119 ± 110). Low hemoglobin level (<120 gm/L) was observed in 57% patients. Total serum ferritin <10 ng/mL was seen in 20 patients, vitamin B12 < 211 pg/mL in 76 cases, vitamin D3 < 30 ng/mL in 81 cases. Subclinical hypothyroidism was present in 11% cases.

CONCLUSIONS

Nonscarring DHL is a multifactorial condition with highest incidence in 21- to 40-year age group. Serum ferritin, serum vitamin B12, and D3 levels seem to have a contributing role in the pathogenesis of hair loss, and their supplementation may be needed for a faster regrowth of hair in all cases of hair loss irrespective of the pattern.