Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan.
Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, 2-509-3 Hirano, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2113, Japan.
Ecol Lett. 2018 Jul;21(7):1065-1074. doi: 10.1111/ele.12973. Epub 2018 May 17.
Food-web complexity often hinders disentangling functionally relevant aspects of food-web structure and its relationships to biodiversity. Here, we present a theoretical framework to evaluate food-web complexity in terms of biodiversity. Food network unfolding is a theoretical method to transform a complex food web into a linear food chain based on ecosystem processes. Based on this method, we can define three biodiversity indices, horizontal diversity (D ), vertical diversity (D ) and range diversity (D ), which are associated with the species diversity within each trophic level, diversity of trophic levels, and diversity in resource use, respectively. These indices are related to Shannon's diversity index (H'), where H' = D + D - D . Application of the framework to three riverine macroinvertebrate communities revealed that D indices, calculated from biomass and stable isotope features, captured well the anthropogenic, seasonal, or other within-site changes in food-web structures that could not be captured with H' alone.
食物网的复杂性常常阻碍了对食物网结构与其与生物多样性关系的功能相关方面的区分。在这里，我们提出了一个从生物多样性角度评估食物网复杂性的理论框架。食物网络展开是一种将复杂的食物网转化为基于生态系统过程的线性食物链的理论方法。基于这种方法，我们可以定义三个生物多样性指数，即水平多样性(D)、垂直多样性(D)和范围多样性(D)，它们分别与每个营养级内的物种多样性、营养层次的多样性和资源利用的多样性相关。这些指数与香农多样性指数(H')有关，其中 H'=D+D-D。该框架在三个河流大型无脊椎动物群落中的应用表明，从生物量和稳定同位素特征计算得出的 D 指数很好地捕捉到了食物网结构的人为、季节性或其他内在变化，而单凭 H'无法捕捉到这些变化。
