Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 20386, 00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 19676 (00202), Nairobi, Kenya.
BMC Psychiatry. 2018 May 18;18(1):136. doi: 10.1186/s12888-018-1706-y.
Adolescent pregnancies within urban resource-deprived settlements predispose young girls to adverse mental health and psychosocial adversities, notably depression. Depression in sub-Saharan Africa is a leading contributor to years lived with disability (YLD). The study's objective was to determine the prevalence of depression and related psychosocial risks among pregnant adolescents reporting at a maternal and child health clinic in Nairobi, Kenya.
A convenient sample of 176 pregnant adolescents attending antenatal clinic in Kangemi primary healthcare health facility participated in the study. We used PHQ-9 to assess prevalence of depression. Hierarchical multivariate linear regression was performed to determine the independent predictors of depression from the psychosocial factors that were significantly associated with depression at the univariate analyses.
Of the 176 pregnant adolescents between ages 15-18 years sampled in the study, 32.9% (n = 58) tested positive for a depression diagnosis using PHQ-9 using a cut-off score of 15+. However on multivariate linear regression, after various iterations, when individual predictors using standardized beta scores were examined, having experienced a stressful life event (B = 3.27, P = 0.001, β =0.25) explained the most variance in the care giver burden, followed by absence of social support for pregnant adolescents (B = - 2.76, P = 0.008, β = - 0.19), being diagnosed with HIV/AIDS (B = 3.81, P = 0.004, β =0.17) and being young (B = 2.46, P = 0.038, β =0.14).
Depression is common among pregnant adolescents in urban resource-deprived areas of Kenya and is correlated with well-documented risk factors such as being of a younger age and being HIV positive. Interventions aimed at reducing or preventing depression in this population should target these groups and provide support to those experiencing greatest stress.
城市资源匮乏地区的青少年怀孕使年轻女孩容易出现心理健康和社会心理问题，尤其是抑郁。在撒哈拉以南非洲，抑郁症是导致残疾年数（YLD）的主要原因之一。本研究旨在确定肯尼亚内罗毕一家母婴保健诊所报告的孕妇青少年中抑郁的患病率以及与抑郁相关的社会心理风险。
我们方便地选取了在 Kangemi 初级保健设施的产前诊所就诊的 176 名孕妇青少年进行研究。我们使用 PHQ-9 评估抑郁的患病率。使用分层多元线性回归，从与抑郁相关的社会心理因素中确定抑郁的独立预测因素，这些因素在单因素分析中与抑郁显著相关。
在研究中，我们对年龄在 15-18 岁之间的 176 名孕妇青少年进行了抽样调查，其中 32.9%（n=58）使用 PHQ-9 进行测试，结果为阳性，抑郁诊断的截断值为 15+。然而，在多元线性回归中，经过多次迭代，当使用标准化β分数检查个体预测因素时，经历压力生活事件（B=3.27，P=0.001，β=0.25）对照顾者负担的解释程度最高，其次是孕妇青少年缺乏社会支持（B=-2.76，P=0.008，β=-0.19），被诊断为 HIV/AIDS（B=3.81，P=0.004，β=0.17）和年龄较小（B=2.46，P=0.038，β=0.14）。
在肯尼亚城市资源匮乏地区，孕妇青少年中抑郁很常见，与已被充分记录的风险因素相关，例如年龄较小和 HIV 阳性。针对该人群减少或预防抑郁的干预措施应针对这些群体，并为压力最大的人群提供支持。
