Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA). Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain; IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Department of Environmental Health Science, Via La Masa 19, I-20156 Milan, Italy.
IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Department of Environmental Health Science, Via La Masa 19, I-20156 Milan, Italy.
Anal Chim Acta. 2018 Sep 18;1024:39-51. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.02.081. Epub 2018 Mar 14.
The problem of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the environment has become a worldwide concern in recent decades. Besides their toxicological effects at low concentrations and their widespread use in industrial and household applications, these pollutants pose a risk for non-target organisms and also for public safety. Analytical methods to determine these compounds at trace levels in different matrices are urgently needed. This review critically discusses trends in analytical methods for well-known EDCs like alkylphenols and bisphenol A in solid environmental matrices, including sediment and aquatic biological samples (from 2006 to 2018). Information about extraction, clean-up and determination is covered in detail, including analytical quality parameters (QA/QC). Conventional and novel analytical techniques are compared, with their advantages and drawbacks. Ultrasound assisted extraction followed by solid phase extraction clean-up is the most widely used procedure for sediment and aquatic biological samples, although softer extraction conditions have been employed for the latter. The use of liquid chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry has greatly increased in the last five years. The majority of these methods have been employed for the analysis of river sediments and bivalve molluscs because of their usefulness in aquatic ecosystem (bio)monitoring programs. Green, simple, fast analytical methods are now needed to determine these compounds in complex matrices.
近年来，环境内分泌干扰化合物（EDCs）问题已成为全世界关注的焦点。除了这些污染物在低浓度下具有毒性作用及其在工业和家庭应用中的广泛使用之外，它们还对非目标生物和公共安全构成威胁。因此，迫切需要开发用于在不同基质中痕量测定这些化合物的分析方法。本综述批判性地讨论了分析固体环境基质（包括沉积物和水生生物样本）中诸如烷基酚和双酚 A 等已知 EDC 的分析方法的发展趋势（2006 年至 2018 年）。详细介绍了关于提取、净化和测定的信息，包括分析质量参数（QA/QC）。比较了常规和新型分析技术，讨论了它们的优缺点。尽管对后者采用了更温和的提取条件，但超声辅助提取后固相萃取净化仍是沉积物和水生生物样本最广泛使用的程序。在过去五年中，使用液相色谱串联质谱法的情况大大增加。由于这些方法在水生生态系统（生物）监测计划中的有用性，大多数方法都用于分析河流沉积物和双壳类软体动物。现在需要开发绿色、简单、快速的分析方法来测定复杂基质中的这些化合物。
