MBBS, DCH, paediatric gastroenterology trainee, Lady Cilento Children@s Hospital, Brisbane, Qld.
MBBS, FRACP, Paediatric Gastroenterologist, Lady Cilento Children@s Hospital, Brisbane, Qld.
Aust J Gen Pract. 2018 May;47(5):273-277. doi: 10.31128/AFP-06-17-4246.
Constipation affects 5-30% of children and is responsible for 3% of primary care visits. General practitioners (GPs) are frequently the first medical encounter for concerned parents regarding their child's bowel habit.
The aim of this article is to review the assessment and management of children with constipation to empower GPs to initiate treatment and know when to refer to a paediatrician.
In the absence of organic aetiology, childhood constipation is almost always functional and often due to painful bowel movements that prompt the child to withhold stool. It is important to initiate a clear management plan for the family, as what is an easily treatable condition can escalate into a vicious cycle of pain if not addressed early. The medical approach should consider organic disease, the use of appropriate toileting habits, and dietary modifications. Laxatives are often required to re-establish regular, painless defaecation.
便秘影响 5-30%的儿童，占初级保健就诊的 3%。对于关心孩子排便习惯的父母来说，全科医生（GP）通常是他们首次接触的医疗人员。
本文旨在综述便秘儿童的评估和管理，以增强全科医生启动治疗的能力，并了解何时转介给儿科医生。
在没有器质性病因的情况下，儿童便秘几乎总是功能性的，通常是由于排便疼痛导致儿童忍住粪便。为家庭制定明确的管理计划非常重要，因为如果不早期解决，这种容易治疗的疾病可能会恶化为疼痛的恶性循环。医疗方法应考虑器质性疾病、适当的如厕习惯和饮食调整。通常需要使用泻药来重新建立规律、无痛的排便。
