Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain.
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Apr;36(7-8):3411-3437. doi: 10.1177/0886260518775751. Epub 2018 May 21.
Victimization-physical, sexual, and emotional-is part of prison life for a sizable proportion of incarcerated people. Research has primarily focused on the prevalence and predictors of physical or sexual victimization inside prisons located in the United States. Very little prison-based victimization research has been conducted in other countries, and even less has examined the clustering patterns of victimization (referred to as polyvictimization), and whether different demographic, behavioral health, and criminal risk factors are associated with polyvictimization. This article explores variation in victimization patterns during incarceration in Spain, and whether there is variation in the demographic, behavioral, and criminal risk factors predicting one type (physical, sexual, emotional); two types (physical sexual, physical emotional, or sexual emotional); or three types (physical, sexual, emotional), as well as the number of different types of victimization distinguished by type of perpetrator. Self-report data were collected from 2,484 male inmates housed in eight adult prisons in Spain. More than half the sample reported at least one type of victimization, and one quarter reported two or more types of victimization. Polyvictimization was found to be strongly associated with prior childhood and adulthood victimization experienced in the community. These findings have significant policy and practice implications.
受害者化——身体、性和情感方面——是相当一部分被监禁者监狱生活的一部分。研究主要集中在美国的监狱内身体或性方面的受害率及其预测因素。在其他国家，几乎没有进行过基于监狱的受害情况研究，更不用说检查受害的聚类模式（即多重受害），以及不同的人口统计学、行为健康和犯罪风险因素是否与多重受害有关。本文探讨了西班牙监禁期间受害模式的变化，以及是否存在因人口统计学、行为和犯罪风险因素的变化而导致的一种类型（身体、性、情感）；两种类型（身体和性、身体和情感或性和情感）；或者三种类型（身体、性、情感），以及根据施害者类型区分的不同类型受害的数量有所不同。自我报告数据来自西班牙八所成人监狱的 2484 名男性囚犯。超过一半的样本报告至少有一种类型的受害，四分之一的样本报告了两种或更多种类型的受害。多重受害与之前在社区中经历的儿童期和成年期的受害有很强的关联。这些发现具有重大的政策和实践意义。
