Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA.
George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Apr;36(7-8):3374-3399. doi: 10.1177/0886260518775148. Epub 2018 May 21.
There is significant evidence to suggest that intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with mental health problems including anxiety and depression. However, this research has almost exclusively been conducted through heteronormative and cisgender lenses. The current study is an exploratory, quantitative analysis of the relationship between experiences of IPV and mental health among transgender/gender nonconforming (TGNC) adults. A national sample of 78 TGNC individuals completed a survey online measuring participants' experiences with IPV and depression, anxiety, and satisfaction with life. Of the sample, 72% reported at least one form of IPV victimization in their lifetime: 32% reported experiencing sexual IPV, 71% psychological IPV, 42% physical IPV, and 29% IPV assault with injury. All four types of IPV were positively associated with anxiety, and all but physical abuse was significantly associated with depression. None of the four types of IPV was associated with satisfaction with life. In a canonical correlation, IPV victimization and mental health had 31% overlapping variance, a large-sized effect. Sexual IPV and anxiety were the highest loading variables, suggesting that TGNC individuals who have experienced sexual IPV specifically tended to have higher levels of anxiety. These findings support previous qualitative, small-sample studies suggesting that IPV is a pervasive problem in the TGNC community. TGNC individuals who have experienced IPV may be at increased risk for mental health problems, and therefore, IPV history may trigger appropriate mental health screenings and referrals for this population in health care settings.
有大量证据表明，亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）与心理健康问题有关，包括焦虑和抑郁。然而，这项研究几乎完全是通过异性恋和顺性别视角进行的。目前的研究是对跨性别/性别不一致（TGNC）成年人经历 IPV 与心理健康之间关系的探索性、定量分析。一个全国性的 78 名 TGNC 个体样本完成了一项在线调查，测量了参与者的 IPV 经历以及抑郁、焦虑和生活满意度。在该样本中，72%的人报告在其一生中至少经历过一种形式的 IPV 受害：32%报告经历过性 IPV，71%经历过心理 IPV，42%经历过身体 IPV，29%经历过 IPV 攻击导致受伤。所有四种类型的 IPV 都与焦虑呈正相关，除身体虐待外，所有类型的 IPV 都与抑郁显著相关。四种类型的 IPV 均与生活满意度无关。在典型相关分析中，IPV 受害和心理健康有 31%的重叠方差，这是一个较大的效应。性 IPV 和焦虑是最高的加载变量，这表明经历过性 IPV 的 TGNC 个体往往有更高水平的焦虑。这些发现支持了先前的定性、小样本研究，表明 IPV 在 TGNC 群体中是一个普遍存在的问题。经历过 IPV 的 TGNC 个体可能面临更高的心理健康问题风险，因此，在医疗保健环境中，IPV 史可能会引发对这一人群进行适当的心理健康筛查和转介。
