Yatsenko Pavlo I, Rybalov Oleg V, Yatsenko Oleg I, Novikov Vadym M, Kоrol Dmytro M, Kindiy Dmytro D, Kindiy Victor D
Higher State Educational Establishment Of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», Poltava, Ukraine.
Wiad Lek. 2018;71(3 pt 2):663-670.
Introduction: The main causes of dysfunctional conditions of the temporomandibular joints (TMJ), are occlusal, neurogenic, orthodontic disorders. The muscular component of TMJ is determines the dynamic anatomical and functional state of the mandible Therefore, in the diagnosis of dysfunctions and understanding of their pathogenesis belongs to the electromyographic method of investigation. The aim of the work was a comparative assessment of the bioelectrical activity of the actual chewing and temporal muscles in patients with musculo-articular compressiondislocation dysfunction of the TMJ of various severity.
Materials and methods: Electromyographic studies of temporal and masticatory muscles were performed in 43 patients. Was assess maximal parameters were recorded with the greatest compression of teeth and in the periods of chewing on the side of the pain symptom and on the opposite side (μV), the frequency of filling the myogram (Hz), the time of activity (Ta) and the resting time (Tc), coefficient "K", which determines the ratio of the processes of activity and rest with functional samples (K = Ta / Tc).
Results and conclusions: The main feature of the functional properties of the studied muscles in the compression-dislocation dysfunction of the TMJ is the prevalence of the maximum indices of their bioelectrical activity on the side of the joint with the dislocation of the articular head of the mandible in comparison with the joint, which is in a compression state both during periods of compression of the teeth and mastication. This kind of discoordination in the work of the muscular masticatory apparatus is reflected in the severity of the course of dysfunction.
引言：颞下颌关节（TMJ）功能障碍的主要原因是咬合、神经源性、正畸紊乱。TMJ的肌肉成分决定了下颌骨的动态解剖和功能状态。因此，在功能障碍的诊断及其发病机制的理解中，肌电图检查方法具有重要意义。本研究的目的是对不同严重程度的TMJ肌肉关节压缩脱位功能障碍患者实际咀嚼肌和颞肌的生物电活动进行比较评估。
材料与方法：对43例患者进行了颞肌和咀嚼肌的肌电图研究。评估在牙齿最大咬合时以及在疼痛症状侧和对侧咀嚼期间记录的最大参数（μV）、肌电图填充频率（Hz）、活动时间（Ta）和静息时间（Tc）、系数“K”，该系数决定了功能样本中活动和静息过程的比率（K = Ta / Tc）。
结果与结论：在TMJ压缩脱位功能障碍中，所研究肌肉功能特性的主要特征是，与在下颌关节头脱位的关节侧相比，在下颌关节处于压缩状态的关节侧，其生物电活动的最大指标更为普遍，无论是在牙齿咬合还是咀嚼期间。咀嚼肌装置工作中的这种不协调反映在功能障碍病程的严重程度上。
