School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Br J Psychol. 2018 Nov;109(4):708-723. doi: 10.1111/bjop.12312. Epub 2018 May 22.
It is acknowledged that identity plays an important role in a person's leadership development. To date, however, there has been little consideration of the possibility - suggested by the social identity perspective - that individuals who identify as followers may be especially likely to emerge as leaders. We test this possibility in a longitudinal sample of recruit commandos in the Royal Marines. Recruits rated their identification with leader and follower roles five times over the course of their 32-week training programme. Recruits' leadership and followership were evaluated by their commanders, and their leadership was assessed by their peers. Analysis indicated that while recruits who identified as leaders received higher leadership ratings from their commanders, recruits who identified - and were perceived - as followers emerged as leaders for their peers. These findings suggest that follower and leader identities underpin different aspects of leadership and that these are differentially recognized by others.
人们承认身份在一个人的领导力发展中起着重要作用。然而，到目前为止，很少有人考虑到这样一种可能性——社会认同理论表明，认同自己是追随者的个体可能特别有可能成为领导者。我们在皇家海军陆战队的一个招募突击队员的纵向样本中检验了这种可能性。新兵在 32 周的训练计划中五次评估他们对领导角色和追随者角色的认同。新兵的领导能力和追随能力由他们的指挥官评估，而他们的领导能力则由他们的同事评估。分析表明，虽然认同自己是领导者的新兵得到了指挥官更高的领导评价，但认同自己是追随者的新兵——并且被认为是追随者的新兵——则成为了同事眼中的领导者。这些发现表明，追随者和领导者的身份是领导力的不同方面的基础，并且这些方面被他人以不同的方式认可。
