老年人及照料者需求：护理需求分类建议
Elderly and caregiver demand: proposal for a care need classification.
作者信息
Nunes Daniella Pires, Brito Tábatta Renata Pereira de, Corona Ligiana Pires, Alexandre Tiago da Silva, Duarte Yeda Aparecida de Oliveira
机构信息
School of Nursing, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Nutrition Course, Universidade de Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.
出版信息
Rev Bras Enferm. 2018;71 Suppl 2:844-850. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0123.
OBJECTIVE
To propose a care need classification for elderly people by identifying their functional demands.
METHOD
Cross-sectional study carried out in São Paulo, in 2006, with 1,413 elderly (≥ 60 years old), participants in the Health, Well-being and Aging study (SABE - Saúde, Bem Estar e Envelhecimento). For the care need classification, we used the Guttman Scaling method e the frequency of assistance required by the elderly.
RESULTS
The hierarchy of activities of daily living had good internal consistency (α = 0.92) and satisfactory coefficients of reproducibility (98%), scalability (84%) and minimum marginal reproducibility (87%). Care need was categorized into: no need (requires no caregiver), minimum need (requires caregiver sporadically), moderate need (requires caregiver intermittently) and maximum need (requires full-time caregiver).
CONCLUSION
This classification will allow identifying elderly that need assistance in everyday activities and will orientante health professionals in the development of a line of care.
目的
通过识别老年人的功能需求，提出一种针对老年人的护理需求分类方法。
方法
2006年在圣保罗进行的横断面研究，研究对象为1413名年龄≥60岁的老年人，他们均参与了健康、幸福与老龄化研究（SABE - 健康、幸福与老龄化）。对于护理需求分类，我们使用了古特曼量表法以及老年人所需护理的频率。
结果
日常生活活动层次结构具有良好的内部一致性（α = 0.92）以及令人满意的再现性系数（98%）、可扩展性系数（84%）和最小边际再现性系数（87%）。护理需求被分为：无需护理（不需要护理人员）、最低需求（偶尔需要护理人员）、中度需求（间歇性需要护理人员）和最高需求（需要全职护理人员）。
结论
这种分类方法将有助于识别在日常活动中需要帮助的老年人，并为健康专业人员制定护理方案提供指导。
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