a Institute of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Neuchâtel , Neuchâtel , NE , Switzerland.
b Department of Psychology , The City College of the City University of New York , New York City , NY , USA.
Psychol Health Med. 2018 Oct;23(9):1094-1105. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2018.1476725. Epub 2018 May 23.
In this 257-participant study (76% female; mean age: 44.84), we examined two ideas that are widespread among burnout researchers: (a) the idea that burnout is primarily related to occupational-level factors; and (b) the idea that burnout should be considered a sentinel indicator in research on negative occupational outcomes. We investigated the links between burnout and a series of generic and work-related variables, namely, depressive symptoms, neuroticism, extraversion, effort-reward imbalance in the job [ERI], social support at work (SSW), and turnover intention. Burnout was assessed with the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure, depressive symptoms with the PHQ-9, neuroticism and extraversion with the NEO-Five Factor Inventory, ERI with the 10-item version of the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire, SSW with the Job Content Questionnaire, and turnover intention with a dedicated 3-item measure. Correlation, multiple regression, and relative weight analyses were conducted. Burnout was not found to be more strongly linked to organizational and work-contextualized variables than to personality traits. In addition, turnover intention was not associated to a greater extent with burnout than with ERI. Burnout and depressive symptoms were highly correlated and exhibited overlapping nomological networks. Overall, our findings question the way burnout has been generally conceived.
在这项共有 257 名参与者的研究（女性占 76%；平均年龄：44.84 岁）中，我们检验了在 burnout 研究人员中广泛存在的两个观点：（a）倦怠主要与职业层面的因素有关；（b）倦怠应被视为研究负面职业结果的哨兵指标。我们研究了倦怠与一系列通用和与工作相关的变量之间的联系，即抑郁症状、神经质、外向性、工作中的努力-回报失衡 [ERI]、工作中的社会支持（SSW）和离职意向。使用 Shirom-Melamed 倦怠量表评估倦怠，使用 PHQ-9 评估抑郁症状，使用 NEO-Five Factor Inventory 评估神经质和外向性，使用 Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire 的 10 项版本评估 ERI，使用 Job Content Questionnaire 评估 SSW，使用专门的 3 项措施评估离职意向。进行了相关性、多元回归和相对权重分析。倦怠与组织和工作环境变量的关联并不比与人格特质的关联更强。此外，离职意向与倦怠的关联并不比与 ERI 的关联更强。倦怠和抑郁症状高度相关，表现出重叠的关联网络。总的来说，我们的研究结果质疑了人们对倦怠的普遍看法。
