Polak J M, Bloom S R
Department of Histochemistry, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1988 Aug;2(4):291-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.1988.tb00700.x.
Although enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells form the major endocrine cell population of the non-antral stomach, they have been largely overlooked in the study of gastric disease. In the human, their product and functions are unknown, but they are associated with histamine secretion in rodents. The cells are controlled by neural and hormonal factors, the most significant of the latter being gastrin. Interest in ECL cells has been stimulated by the observation that hyperplasia of these cells, sometimes leading to formation of gastric carcinoid tumours, occurs in conditions of persistent hypergastrinaemia - for example, in response to the achlorhydria of individuals with pernicious anaemia. The advent of new highly potent inhibitors of gastric acid secretion is allowing more information to be obtained on the physiology and functions of the ECL cell. However, there is clearly a great deal more to be discovered about this enigmatic endocrine cell type.
尽管肠嗜铬样（ECL）细胞构成了非胃窦部胃的主要内分泌细胞群，但在胃部疾病研究中它们很大程度上被忽视了。在人类中，它们的产物和功能尚不清楚，但在啮齿动物中它们与组胺分泌有关。这些细胞受神经和激素因素控制，其中最重要的激素因素是胃泌素。观察到在持续性高胃泌素血症的情况下，例如因恶性贫血患者胃酸缺乏而出现这些细胞的增生，有时会导致胃类癌肿瘤的形成，这激发了人们对ECL细胞的兴趣。新型高效胃酸分泌抑制剂的出现使人们能够获得更多关于ECL细胞生理和功能的信息。然而，显然对于这种神秘的内分泌细胞类型还有很多有待发现的地方。
