New York University Silver School of Social Work, New York, New York, USA.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2018 Jul;31(4):363-367. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000421.
To provide an update of recent studies of the incidence and impact of parental substance use disorders (SUDs) on children, and to identify effective treatment programs to assist parents with SUDs and their children.
Children of parents with alcohol and drug use disorders (COPADs) suffer from physical, mental and behavioral problems at higher rates than other children and are more likely to develop their own SUDs in adolescence. Parenting styles and familial dysfunction contribute to the intergenerational transmission of SUDs. Studies of the negative effects of parental SUDs on children identified the effects of inconsistent, disengaged or harsh parenting practices on mother-child bonding. Exposure to violence and father's hostility contribute to children's externalizing and internalizing behaviors. Family- based intervention programs, as well as programs for mothers with SUDs and their young children, have shown positive results. For high-risk families with multiple needs, the ongoing support of multidisciplinary services is required.
Parental SUDs have a profound impact on their children, including intergenerational transmission of SUDs. A variety of interventive programs are being studied in order to devise effective programs to assist these children.
提供父母物质使用障碍（SUD）对儿童的发生率和影响的最新研究更新，并确定有效的治疗方案，以帮助有 SUD 的父母及其子女。
父母有酒精和药物使用障碍（COPAD）的儿童比其他儿童更容易出现身体、心理和行为问题，并且在青春期更有可能患上自己的 SUD。养育方式和家庭功能障碍导致 SUD 的代际传递。对父母 SUD 对儿童的负面影响的研究确定了不一致、不参与或苛刻的养育方式对母婴关系的影响。接触暴力和父亲的敌意导致儿童出现外化和内化行为。以家庭为基础的干预计划，以及针对有 SUD 的母亲及其幼儿的计划，已经显示出积极的结果。对于有多种需求的高风险家庭，需要持续提供多学科服务的支持。
父母的 SUD 对他们的孩子有深远的影响，包括 SUD 的代际传递。正在研究各种干预性方案，以制定有效的方案来帮助这些儿童。
