Qu Jin, Leerkes Esther M
Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina.
Dev Psychobiol. 2018 Sep;60(6):707-721. doi: 10.1002/dev.21739. Epub 2018 May 23.
This study examined profiles of infant observed distress and physiological regulation indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) levels during the still-face paradigm at 6 months using a person-centered approach. Mothers and infants (N = 206) participated in the study when infants were 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years old. Attachment was assessed at 1 year via the Strange Situation. Children's compliance behaviors were assessed at 2 years during a toy clean-up task. Mothers reported children's behavior problems at 4.5 years. Latent profile analysis yielded four profiles: highly distressed, but regulating; over-regulated; resilient to distress; and under-regulated. Infants in the "resilient to distress" profile characterized by high RSA levels and low negative affect exhibited the most adaptive outcomes such as lower attachment avoidance, higher compliance, and lower behavior problems. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of considering patterns of behavioral and physiological indicators of infant emotionality together for understanding adaptive functioning.
本研究采用以人为中心的方法，考察了6个月大婴儿在静脸范式中观察到的痛苦表现以及以呼吸性窦性心律不齐（RSA）水平为指标的生理调节情况。母亲和婴儿（N = 206）在婴儿6个月、1岁和2岁时参与了该研究。在1岁时通过陌生情境评估依恋情况。在2岁时的玩具清理任务中评估儿童的顺从行为。母亲在4.5岁时报告儿童的行为问题。潜在剖面分析产生了四种剖面：高度痛苦但能调节；调节过度；对痛苦有弹性；调节不足。以高RSA水平和低负面影响为特征的“对痛苦有弹性”剖面中的婴儿表现出最适应性的结果，如较低的依恋回避、较高的顺从性和较少的行为问题。因此，本研究强调了将婴儿情绪的行为和生理指标模式结合起来考虑对于理解适应性功能的重要性。
