秸秆覆盖和播种量对冬小麦收获指数、产量和水分利用效率的影响。
Effect of straw mulch and seeding rate on the harvest index, yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat.
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2018 May 25;8(1):8167. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26615-x.
Straw mulching has been used to improve water use efficiency (WUE, yield per unit evapotranspiration) in the Loess Plateau of China, but the seeding rate may need to be adjusted from conventional practice. We tested the three-way interaction between seeding rate, soil management (conventional tillage and straw mulching) and seasons. Wheat yield ranged from 2851 to 6981 kg ha and WUE from 5.3 to 16.2 kg ha mm. Generally, soil water storage was higher and soil temperature was lower under straw mulching than under conventional practice. Evapotranspiration was higher under straw mulching. Yield was significantly affected by the interaction between straw mulching and season. Conventional practice showed significantly higher mean harvest index (HI), yield, and WUE than straw mulching in favorable seasons. However, yield was significantly higher under mulching than under conventional tillage in very dry season. Seeding rate had no effect on yield, but low seeding rate increased HI compared to high seeding rate. It is concluded that low seeding rate would be suitable for straw mulching.
在中国黄土高原，秸秆覆盖被用于提高水利用效率（WUE，单位蒸散量的产量），但播种率可能需要根据常规做法进行调整。我们测试了播种率、土壤管理（传统耕作和秸秆覆盖）和季节之间的三向交互作用。小麦产量范围为 2851 至 6981 公斤/公顷，水利用效率为 5.3 至 16.2 公斤/公顷·毫米。通常情况下，秸秆覆盖下的土壤水分储量高于传统耕作，土壤温度也较低。秸秆覆盖下的蒸散量较高。产量受到秸秆覆盖和季节之间相互作用的显著影响。在有利的季节，传统耕作下的平均收获指数（HI）、产量和 WUE 明显高于秸秆覆盖。然而，在非常干燥的季节，覆盖下的产量明显高于传统耕作。播种率对产量没有影响，但与高播种率相比，低播种率会增加 HI。因此，结论是低播种率适合秸秆覆盖。
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