State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Oct 15;639:695-704. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.105. Epub 2018 May 26.
Incineration technology is an effective treatment method for municipal solid waste (MSW). In this study, fine particulate matter emissions from two waste incineration power plants (WIPP) were characterized. Both filterable particulate matter (FPM) and condensable particulate matter (CPM) were collected using a direct sampling method. The FPM concentrations from stacks #1 and #2 in WIPP A were 0.87 ± 0.10 and 0.68 ± 0.19 mg/m, respectively, and 3.30 ± 0.65 mg/m was measured at stack #3 in WIPP B. Fe was the most abundant elemental component in the FPM, followed by Na, Ca, Al, and K. Ca, SO, Cl, and NH accounted for the largest fraction of the total detected water-soluble ions in the FPM. In the CPM, Na was the most abundant elemental component, followed by Ca, Mg, and K. The total detected water-soluble ions accounted for 22.2% and 27.3% of the CPM collected from stack #1 and #2, respectively. High concentrations of NH and NO were found in CPM, which could be derived from the escape of excessive NH in the denitrification unit and that of the NOx in the flue gas, respectively. Alcohols, aromatic compounds, and ketones were the major organic species in the CPM. Both fly ash and bottom ash were collected from WIPP A. Ca was the dominant element, followed by K, Mg, Na, and Fe. The enrichment of elements in the fly ash and bottom ash were analyzed. The enrichment factors of most elements were higher than 1, except for the Ti and Sn in the bottom ash. The fly ash had a higher enrichment of Cd, As, and Ti than the bottom ash. In contrast, Cu, Ni, and Cr had higher enrichments in the bottom ash because of their low volatility.
焚烧技术是处理城市固体废物（MSW）的有效方法。本研究对两座垃圾焚烧发电厂（WIPP）的细颗粒物排放进行了研究。采用直接采样法采集可过滤颗粒物（FPM）和可冷凝颗粒物（CPM）。WIPP A 中 1 号和 2 号烟囱的 FPM 浓度分别为 0.87±0.10 和 0.68±0.19 mg/m，而 WIPP B 中 3 号烟囱的 FPM 浓度为 3.30±0.65 mg/m。FPM 中最丰富的元素成分是 Fe，其次是 Na、Ca、Al 和 K。在 FPM 中，Ca、SO、Cl 和 NH 占总检测到的水溶性离子的最大比例。在 CPM 中，Na 是最丰富的元素成分，其次是 Ca、Mg 和 K。1 号和 2 号烟囱采集的 CPM 中总检测到的水溶性离子分别占 22.2%和 27.3%。在 CPM 中发现了高浓度的 NH 和 NO，它们分别可能来自于脱硝单元中过量 NH 的逸出和烟道气中 NOx 的逸出。醇类、芳香族化合物和酮类是 CPM 中的主要有机物质。从 WIPP A 收集了飞灰和底灰。Ca 是最主要的元素，其次是 K、Mg、Na 和 Fe。分析了飞灰和底灰中元素的富集情况。除了底灰中的 Ti 和 Sn 外，大多数元素的富集因子都高于 1。飞灰中 Cd、As 和 Ti 的富集程度高于底灰，而 Cu、Ni 和 Cr 由于其挥发性低，在底灰中的富集程度较高。
