Alyono Jennifer C
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, 801 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2018 Aug;51(4):725-740. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2018.03.003. Epub 2018 May 24.
Vertigo and dizziness are common conditions among older adults. They are closely associated with fall risk and portend major implications for geriatric injury and disability. Management can be particularly challenging, because symptoms are often nonspecific and may reflect multiple etiologies. Chronic dizziness can reflect dysfunction in the vestibular, somatosensory, or visual systems or in their central integration. Systemic processes, such as postural hypotension, arrhythmias, heart failure, medication use, and lower extremity weakness or frailty, also contribute. Management of acute vestibular syndrome requires ruling out dangerous causes, such as stroke. This article reviews relevant definitions, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and clinical management.
眩晕和头晕是老年人的常见病症。它们与跌倒风险密切相关，预示着对老年损伤和残疾有重大影响。管理起来可能特别具有挑战性，因为症状往往不具特异性，可能反映多种病因。慢性头晕可能反映前庭、体感或视觉系统或其中枢整合功能的障碍。全身过程，如体位性低血压、心律失常、心力衰竭、药物使用以及下肢无力或虚弱，也有影响。急性前庭综合征的管理需要排除危险病因，如中风。本文综述了相关定义、流行病学、病理生理学、诊断和临床管理。
