W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA.
W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2018 Sep;85:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.05.020. Epub 2018 May 24.
To reduce the wear related damage of medical grade Ti-6Al-4V alloy, laser engineered net shaping (LENS™) based in situ reactive multi-material additive manufacturing was employed to process a mixed coating of Ti-6Al-4V powder and calcium phosphate (CaP) in an oxygen free, nitrogen-argon environment. The resultant coatings were composite materials of titanium nitrides and calcium titanate in an α-Ti matrix. Hardness was increased by up to ~148% to 868 ± 9 HV as compared to the untreated Ti-6Al-4V substrate. Similarly, when tribological properties were evaluated in deionized (DI) water medium against alumina counter material, the wear damage was reduced by ~91% as compared to the untreated Ti-6Al-4V substrate. Furthermore, the untreated Ti-6Al-4V substrate released Ti ions of ~12.45 ppm concentration during wear whereas the Ti6Al4V-5%CaP coating processed in an argon-nitrogen environment released ions of ~3.17 ppm concentration under similar testing conditions. The overall coefficient of friction was also found to decrease due to the addition of CaP and processing the Ti6Al4V-CaP mixture in an argon-nitrogen environment. Our results indicate that this reactive multi-material additive manufacturing of metal-ceramic composites is an effective way of enhancing the tribological performance of metallic materials.
为了减少医用级 Ti-6Al-4V 合金的磨损相关损伤，采用基于激光工程净成形（LENS™）的原位反应多材料添加剂制造工艺，在无氧、氮-氩环境中加工 Ti-6Al-4V 粉末和磷酸钙（CaP）的混合涂层。所得涂层是钛氮化物和钛酸钙在 α-Ti 基体中的复合材料。与未处理的 Ti-6Al-4V 基体相比，硬度提高了约 148%，达到 868 ± 9 HV。同样，在去离子（DI）水中介质中与氧化铝对磨材料评估摩擦学性能时，与未处理的 Ti-6Al-4V 基体相比，磨损损伤减少了约 91%。此外，在磨损过程中，未经处理的 Ti-6Al-4V 基体释放出约 12.45 ppm 浓度的 Ti 离子，而在类似测试条件下，在氩-氮环境中处理的 Ti6Al4V-5%CaP 涂层释放出约 3.17 ppm 浓度的离子。由于添加了 CaP 并在氩-氮环境中处理 Ti6Al4V-CaP 混合物，整体摩擦系数也发现有所降低。我们的结果表明，这种金属-陶瓷复合材料的反应多材料添加剂制造是提高金属材料摩擦学性能的有效方法。
