Bandyopadhyay Amit, Traxel Kellen D, Bose Susmita
W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
Mater Sci Eng R Rep. 2021 Jul;145. doi: 10.1016/j.mser.2021.100609. Epub 2021 Apr 2.
Emulating the unique combination of structural, compositional, and functional gradation in natural materials is exceptionally challenging. Many natural structures have proved too complex or expensive to imitate using traditional processing techniques despite recent advances. Recent innovations within the field of additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D Printing (3DP) have shown the ability to create structures that have variations in material composition, structure, and performance, providing a new design-for-manufacturing platform for the imitation of natural materials. AM or 3DP techniques are capable of manufacturing structures that have significantly improved properties and functionality over what could be traditionally-produced, giving manufacturers an edge in their ability to realize components for highly-specialized applications in different industries. To this end, the present work reviews fundamental advances in the use of naturally-inspired design enabled through 3DP / AM, how these techniques can be further exploited to reach new application areas, and the challenges that lie ahead for widespread implementation. An example of how these techniques can be applied towards a total hip arthroplasty application is provided to spur further innovation in this area.
模仿天然材料中结构、成分和功能渐变的独特组合极具挑战性。尽管近年来取得了进展，但许多天然结构已证明使用传统加工技术来模仿过于复杂或昂贵。增材制造（AM）或3D打印（3DP）领域的最新创新已显示出能够创建在材料成分、结构和性能方面具有变化的结构，为模仿天然材料提供了一个新的面向制造的设计平台。AM或3DP技术能够制造出在性能和功能上比传统生产的产品有显著提升的结构，使制造商在实现不同行业高度专业化应用的部件方面具有优势。为此，本工作回顾了通过3DP/AM实现的受自然启发设计应用的基本进展，这些技术如何能进一步用于开拓新的应用领域，以及广泛应用面临的挑战。文中提供了一个这些技术如何应用于全髋关节置换术的例子，以推动该领域的进一步创新。
