Department of Leather Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
Fraunhofer Institute UMSICHT, Osterfelder Str. 3, 46047, Oberhausen, Germany.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Aug;25(22):22213-22223. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2350-2. Epub 2018 May 26.
Considerable tannery waste is generated by leather industry around the world. Recovery of the value-added products as natural fats from the solid wastes gained interest of many researchers. In this study, supercritical fluid separation method was applied for the fatty acid isolation from leather industry solid wastes. Pre-fleshing wastes of the double-face lambskins were used as natural fat source. Only supercritical CO was used as process media without any solvent additive in high-pressure view cell equipment. The effect of different conditions was investigated for the best separation influence. The parameters of pressure (100 to 200 bar), temperature (40 to 80 °C), and time (1 to 3 h) were considered. Extraction yields and fat yields of the parameters were statistically evaluated after the processes. Maximum 78.57 wt% fat yield was obtained from leather industry fleshings in supercritical fluid CO at 200 bar, 80 °C, and 2 h. Morever, conventional Soxhlet and supercritical CO extracted fatty acids were characterized by using gas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) and flame ionization detector (FID). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) characterizations were also done. The results showed that supercritical fluid CO extraction was highly effective for the fat separation as green solvent and leather industry tannery wastes could be used for the value-added products.
全世界的制革行业都会产生大量的制革废物。从固体废物中回收附加值产品，如天然脂肪，引起了许多研究人员的兴趣。在这项研究中，采用超临界流体分离法从制革工业固体废物中分离脂肪酸。使用双面羔羊的预鞣制废物作为天然脂肪源。在高压视腔设备中，仅使用超临界 CO 作为过程介质，而不使用任何溶剂添加剂。研究了不同条件对最佳分离效果的影响。考察了压力（100-200 巴）、温度（40-80°C）和时间（1-3 小时）等参数。对各参数的萃取收率和脂肪收率进行了统计评价。在超临界 CO 中，在 200 巴、80°C 和 2 小时的条件下，从制革工业 fleshings 中获得了最高 78.57wt%的脂肪收率。此外，还采用气相色谱（GC）-质谱（MS）和火焰离子化检测器（FID）联用、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）对常规索氏提取和超临界 CO 提取的脂肪酸进行了表征。结果表明，超临界 CO 萃取作为一种绿色溶剂，对脂肪分离非常有效，皮革工业制革废物可用于生产附加值产品。
