Maney Jill K, Durham H Edward, Goucher Kathleen P, Little Erika L
Department of Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Bassesterre, Saint Kitts.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Bassesterre, Saint Kitts.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2018 Jul;45(4):539-544. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2018.03.006. Epub 2018 Apr 16.
To compare the induction and recovery characteristics and selected cardiopulmonary variables of midazolam-alfaxalone or midazolam-ketamine in donkeys sedated with xylazine.
Randomized, blinded, crossover experimental trial.
A group of seven adult male castrated donkeys weighing 164 ± 14 kg.
Donkeys were randomly administered midazolam (0.05 mg kg) and alfaxalone (1 mg kg) or midazolam (0.05 mg kg) and ketamine (2.2 mg kg) intravenously following sedation with xylazine, with ≥ 7 days between treatments. Donkeys were not endotracheally intubated and breathed room air. Time to lateral recumbency, first movement, sternal recumbency and standing were recorded. Induction and recovery were assigned scores between 1 (very poor) and 5 (excellent). Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (f), invasive arterial blood pressures and arterial blood gases were measured before induction and every 5 minutes following induction until first movement.
Time to lateral recumbency (mean ± standard deviation) was shorter after alfaxalone (29 ± 10 seconds) compared with ketamine (51 ± 9 seconds; p = 0.01). Time to first movement was the same between treatments (27 versus 23 minutes). Time to standing was longer with alfaxalone (58 ± 15 minutes) compared with ketamine (33 ± 8 minutes; p = 0.01). Recovery score [median (range)] was of lower quality with alfaxalone [3 (2-5)] compared with ketamine [5 (3-5); p = 0.03]. There were no differences in HR, f or arterial pressures between treatments. No clinically important differences in blood gases were identified between treatments. Five of seven donkeys administered alfaxalone became hypoxemic (PaO <60 mmHg; 8.0 kPa) and all donkeys administered ketamine became hypoxemic (p = 0.13).
Both midazolam-alfaxalone and midazolam-ketamine produced acceptable anesthetic induction and recovery in donkeys after xylazine sedation. Hypoxemia occurred with both treatments.
比较咪达唑仑 - 阿法沙龙或咪达唑仑 - 氯胺酮在赛拉嗪镇静的驴中的诱导和恢复特征以及选定的心肺变量。
随机、双盲、交叉试验。
一组7头成年雄性去势驴，体重164±14千克。
在赛拉嗪镇静后，驴被随机静脉注射咪达唑仑（0.05毫克/千克）和阿法沙龙（1毫克/千克）或咪达唑仑（0.05毫克/千克）和氯胺酮（2.2毫克/千克），两次治疗间隔≥7天。驴未进行气管插管，呼吸室内空气。记录侧卧、首次移动、胸卧和站立的时间。诱导和恢复情况按1（非常差）至5（优秀）评分。在诱导前以及诱导后至首次移动前每隔5分钟测量心率（HR）、呼吸频率（f）、有创动脉血压和动脉血气。
与氯胺酮组（51±9秒；p = 0.01）相比，阿法沙龙组侧卧时间（平均值±标准差）更短（29±10秒）。两次治疗的首次移动时间相同（分别为27分钟和23分钟）。与氯胺酮组（33±8分钟；p = 0.01）相比，阿法沙龙组站立时间更长（58±15分钟）。阿法沙龙组的恢复评分[中位数（范围）]质量低于氯胺酮组[5（3 - 5）；p = 0.03]，为3（2 - 5）。两次治疗之间的HR、f或动脉压无差异。两次治疗之间未发现血气有临床重要差异。接受阿法沙龙治疗的7头驴中有5头出现低氧血症（动脉血氧分压<60 mmHg；8.0 kPa），接受氯胺酮治疗的所有驴均出现低氧血症（p = 0.13）。
咪达唑仑 - 阿法沙龙和咪达唑仑 - 氯胺酮在赛拉嗪镇静后的驴中均产生了可接受的麻醉诱导和恢复。两种治疗均出现低氧血症。
