Nauta Haring J, McIlwrath Sabrina L, Westlund Karin N
Neurosurgery, University of Louisville.
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine.
Cureus. 2018 Mar 26;10(3):e2371. doi: 10.7759/cureus.2371.
Punctate midline myelotomy (PMM) has been successfully applied clinically in humans for the relief of intractable visceral pain. The operation is thought to work by interrupting the postsynaptic dorsal column pathway (PSDC) of the spinal cord. In fact, PMM was developed specifically for that purpose after it was demonstrated in rats that the PSDC conveyed about 90% of the visceral pain information to the thalamus. The application of PMM also to the problem of severe intractable back or spine pain was never tested, and it has never been established whether the PSDC pathway relates only to visceral pain or whether there may be a broader involvement with pain affecting structures of embryological midline origin, perhaps including the spine. Retrospective analyses of decades of results from various attempted myelotomy procedures in man for the relief of pain are consistent with the notion that the common element crucial to the successful midline or visceral pain relief was the interruption--even incomplete--of the PSDC pathway. Herein, we present evidence from a rat model of lumbar facet pain that interruption of the PSDC significantly reduces pain responses. The implications for the possible treatment of severe intractable spine pain in man are discussed.
点状中线脊髓切开术(PMM)已在临床上成功应用于人类,以缓解顽固性内脏疼痛。该手术被认为是通过中断脊髓的突触后背柱通路(PSDC)起作用的。事实上,PMM是在大鼠实验证明PSDC将约90%的内脏疼痛信息传递至丘脑后,专门为此目的而研发的。PMM在严重顽固性背部或脊柱疼痛问题上的应用从未得到测试,并且从未确定PSDC通路是否仅与内脏疼痛相关,或者是否可能更广泛地涉及影响胚胎中线起源结构(可能包括脊柱)的疼痛。对人类数十年各种脊髓切开术尝试缓解疼痛结果的回顾性分析表明,成功缓解中线或内脏疼痛的关键共同因素是PSDC通路的中断——即使是不完全中断。在此,我们提供来自大鼠腰椎小关节疼痛模型的证据,表明PSDC的中断可显著减轻疼痛反应。并讨论了其对人类严重顽固性脊柱疼痛可能治疗方法的意义。