Chen Jishizhan, Lu Hua
Department of Orthopaedics, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, P.R.China.
Department of Orthopaedics, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092,
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2018 Feb 15;32(2):242-247. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.201704132.
To investigate current status and latest progress of clinical research on distal femoral fractures.
The related literature was extensively reviewed to summarize the trend of the researches and their clinical application in the treatment of distal femoral fractures.
Distal femoral fractures are likely to occur in young people who suffer from high-energy damage and the elderly with osteoporosis, which is always comminuted and unstable fractures, and often involved in the articular surface and combined with serious soft tissue injury. Therefore, the treatment faces many challenges. External fixation is now used as a temporary means of controlling injury. The vast majority of patients are feasible to internal fixation, including plates system and intramedullary nail system. Different internal fixator also has its own characteristics, such as double plates can strengthen the medial support of the femur, less invasive stabilization system protects the blood supply of fractures, distal cortial locking plate is theoretically more fit for the requirements of bone healing, retrograde intramedullary nail can resist varus and valgus.
The treatment of distal femoral fractures should be based on the type of fracture and the characteristics of internal fixators.
探讨股骨远端骨折临床研究的现状及最新进展。
广泛查阅相关文献，总结股骨远端骨折治疗研究的趋势及其临床应用情况。
股骨远端骨折好发于遭受高能量损伤的年轻人及患有骨质疏松症的老年人，多为粉碎性不稳定骨折，常累及关节面并伴有严重软组织损伤，治疗面临诸多挑战。外固定目前用作控制损伤的临时手段。绝大多数患者可行内固定治疗，包括钢板系统和髓内钉系统。不同内固定器各有特点，如双钢板可加强股骨内侧支撑，微创稳定系统可保护骨折部位血供，远端皮质锁定钢板理论上更符合骨折愈合要求，逆行髓内钉可抵抗内翻和外翻。
股骨远端骨折的治疗应依据骨折类型及内固定器特点进行。
