Xu Zhujie, Chen Jinghua, Shao Wei, Wang Rui, Liu Yi
Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Jiangsu, 214000, P.R.China.
Medicinal Biopolymer Laboratory of College of Pharmacy, Jiangnan University, Wuxi Jiangsu, 214000, P.R.China.
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2017 Aug 15;31(8):1016-1020. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.201701103.
To discuss the role of heparan sulfate (HS) in bone formation and bone remodeling and summarize the research progress in the osteogenic mechanism of HS.
The domestic and abroad related literature about HS acting on osteoblast cell line , HS and HS composite scaffold materials acting on the ani-mal bone defect models, and the effect of HS proteoglycans on bone development were summarized and analyzed.
Many growth factors involved in fracture healing especially heparin-binding growth factors, such as fibroblast growth factors, bone morphogenetic protein, and transforming growth factor β, are connected noncovalently with long HS chains. HS proteoglycans protect these proteins from protease degradation and are directly involved in the regulation of growth factors signaling and bone cell function. HS can promote the differentiation of stem cells into osteoblasts and enhance the differentiation of osteoblasts. In bone matrix, HS plays a significant role in promoting the formation, maintaining the stability, and accelerating the mineralization.
The osteogenesis of HS is pronounced. HS is likely to become the clinical treatment measures of fracture nonunion or delayed union, and is expected to provide more choices for bone tissue engineering with identification of its long-term safety.
探讨硫酸乙酰肝素（HS）在骨形成和骨重塑中的作用，总结HS成骨机制的研究进展。
对国内外关于HS作用于成骨细胞系、HS及HS复合支架材料作用于动物骨缺损模型以及HS蛋白聚糖对骨骼发育影响的相关文献进行总结分析。
许多参与骨折愈合的生长因子尤其是肝素结合生长因子，如成纤维细胞生长因子、骨形态发生蛋白和转化生长因子β，与长链HS非共价连接。HS蛋白聚糖保护这些蛋白质不被蛋白酶降解，并直接参与生长因子信号传导和骨细胞功能的调节。HS可促进干细胞向成骨细胞分化并增强成骨细胞的分化。在骨基质中，HS在促进形成、维持稳定性和加速矿化方面发挥重要作用。
HS的成骨作用显著。HS有可能成为骨折不愈合或延迟愈合的临床治疗手段，随着其长期安全性的确定，有望为骨组织工程提供更多选择。
