婴儿对生物动作展示中性别差异的感知。
Infant perception of sex differences in biological motion displays.
机构信息
University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
出版信息
J Exp Child Psychol. 2018 Sep;173:338-350. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2018.04.006.
We examined mechanisms underlying infants' ability to categorize human biological motion stimuli from sex-typed walk motions, focusing on how visual attention to dynamic information in point-light displays (PLDs) contributes to infants' social category formation. We tested for categorization of PLDs produced by women and men by habituating infants to a series of female or male walk motions and then recording posthabituation preferences for new PLDs from the familiar or novel category (Experiment 1). We also tested for intrinsic preferences for female or male walk motions (Experiment 2). We found that infant boys were better able to categorize PLDs than were girls and that male PLDs were preferred overall. Neither of these effects was found to change with development across the observed age range (∼4-18 months). We conclude that infants' categorization of walk motions in PLDs is constrained by intrinsic preferences for higher motion speeds and higher spans of motion and, relatedly, by differences in walk motions produced by men and women.
我们研究了婴儿从性别类型的步行动作中对人类生物运动刺激进行分类的机制，重点关注视觉注意力如何对点光源显示（PLD）中的动态信息做出贡献，从而促进婴儿的社会类别形成。我们通过让婴儿习惯一系列女性或男性的步行动作，然后记录他们对新的 PLD 的后习惯偏好，来测试女性和男性 PLD 的分类（实验 1）。我们还测试了对女性或男性步行动作的内在偏好（实验 2）。我们发现，与女孩相比，男婴更能对 PLD 进行分类，而且总体上更喜欢男性 PLD。在观察到的年龄范围内（约 4-18 个月），这些影响都没有随着发育而变化。我们的结论是，婴儿对 PLD 中步行动作的分类受到内在偏好的限制，即更喜欢更高的运动速度和更长的运动范围，并且与男性和女性产生的步行动作的差异有关。
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