Zollikofer C L, Brühlmann W F, Baumgartner D, Keusch G, Burger H
Rofo. 1985 Feb;142(2):193-200. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1052629.
Ureteral obstruction is a serious complication in renal transplant recipients. The diagnosis may be difficult with standard methods of investigation, and definite treatment may, therefore, be delayed. This paper describes the indications, the technique, and the experience with antegrade pyelography, ureteral perfusion and percutaneous drainage in 18 patients with suspected urinary obstruction. Though invasive, these methods proved to be a safe, fast and accurate means for evaluating the location and significance of ureteral obstruction. For initial treatment in obstruction, percutaneous nephrostomy is the method of choice. Surgery should be delayed until recovery of renal function with decreasing serum creatinine is demonstrated. Patients with persistent or rising serum creatinine (greater than 250 mumol./l.) did not benefit from surgical relief of obstruction.
输尿管梗阻是肾移植受者的一种严重并发症。采用标准检查方法可能难以做出诊断，因此明确的治疗可能会延迟。本文描述了18例疑似尿路梗阻患者进行顺行肾盂造影、输尿管灌注和经皮引流的适应证、技术及经验。尽管这些方法具有侵入性，但事实证明它们是评估输尿管梗阻部位及严重程度的安全、快速且准确的手段。对于梗阻的初始治疗，经皮肾造瘘术是首选方法。手术应推迟至肾功能恢复且血清肌酐水平下降时进行。血清肌酐持续升高或升高（大于250 μmol/L）的患者无法从梗阻的手术解除中获益。
