Willis R, Heslop O, Bodonaik N, Thame M, Kumar U, Aung M, Kellier A, Drysdale S, Leon V, Smikle M
University Hospital of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Hum Antibodies. 2018;26(4):193-199. doi: 10.3233/HAB-180338.
Pneumococcal serotypes circulating in any population vary over time and between countries and impacts the effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination.
This study investigated the epidemiology of pneumococcal disease in Jamaica.
Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates (n= 349) along with demographic and clinical information were collected from patients presenting at the 4 major hospitals in Jamaica over a 2-year period. Serotyping was done using latex agglutination tests and the Quellung reaction assay.
Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence was 45.4/100,000 in children under 5 yrs and 16.3/100,000 in adults over 65 yrs. Thirteen serogroups were identified among the 120 isolates subjected to grouping; the most common being serogroups: 19 (22/120,18.3%), 6 (20/120,16.7%), 14 (20/120,16.7%), 23 (18/120,15.0%), 3 (11/120,9.2%) and nontypeable (8/120,2.3%). The estimated vaccine coverage rates for the PCV7 and PCV13 vaccines in children less than 5 yrs were 82.5% and 88.7% respectively. The 23-valent PPV23 provided 100% coverage rate in adults over 65 yrs and 82.9% coverage rate for the entire population.
Pneumococcal vaccine coverage rates in Jamaica are comparable to those reported in certain developed countries and higher than in other developing countries. The high incidence of IPD in the paediatric population indicates that routine vaccination would be beneficial.
在任何人群中流行的肺炎球菌血清型会随时间变化，且在不同国家之间也存在差异，这会影响肺炎球菌疫苗接种的效果。
本研究调查了牙买加肺炎球菌疾病的流行病学情况。
在两年时间里，从牙买加4家主要医院就诊的患者中收集肺炎链球菌分离株（n = 349）以及人口统计学和临床信息。使用乳胶凝集试验和荚膜肿胀反应试验进行血清分型。
5岁以下儿童侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病（IPD）发病率为45.4/10万，65岁以上成年人发病率为16.3/10万。在120株进行分组的分离株中鉴定出13个血清群；最常见的血清群为：19型（22/120，18.3%）、6型（20/120，16.7%）、14型（20/120，16.7%）、23型（18/120，15.0%）、3型（11/120，9.2%）和不可分型（8/120，2.3%）。5岁以下儿童中PCV7和PCV13疫苗的估计接种覆盖率分别为82.5%和88.7%。23价PPV23在65岁以上成年人中的接种覆盖率为100%，在整个人口中的接种覆盖率为82.9%。
牙买加的肺炎球菌疫苗接种覆盖率与某些发达国家报告的覆盖率相当，且高于其他发展中国家。儿童人群中IPD的高发病率表明常规疫苗接种将有益处。
