Moradi Ghobad, Mostafavi Farideh, Hajizadeh Mohammad, Amerzade Mohammad, Mohammadi Bolbanabad Amjad, Alinia Cyrus, Piroozi Bakhtiar
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Iran J Public Health. 2018 Mar;47(3):427-434.
This study measured socioeconomic inequalities in different types of disabilities in Iran. We also examined the prevalence of disabilities across different socio-demographic groups in Iran in 2011.
This was cross-sectional study using secondary data analysis on all Iranian. Data related to disability prevalence and socioeconomic status (SES) of each province was extracted from the 2011 National Census of Population and Housing (NCPH) and the 2011 Households Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES), conducted by Statistical Center of Iran (SCI). The concentration index and concentration curve were used to measure and illustrate socioeconomic inequalities in different types of disabilities. Chi-squared test was also used to examine the relationship between the socio-demographic variables (age-groups, sex, education level, employment status) and disability.
The results suggested the existence of socioeconomic inequalities in blindness, deafness, vocal disorders and hand disorders in Iran. The concentration index for these four disabilities were -0.0527 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.0881, -0.0173), -0.0451 (CI: -0.0747, -0.0156), -0.0663 (CI: -0.1043, -0.0282) and -0.0545 (CI: -0.0940, -0.0151), respectively. There were also significant associations between the demographic variables such as age-groups, sex, education level, employment status and disability (<0.05).
There were significant socioeconomic inequalities in different types of disabilities in Iran with poorer provinces having higher prevalence of disabilities in blindness, deafness, vocal disorders and hand disorders. Strategies to address the higher prevalence of different types of disabilities among poorer provinces should be considered a priority in Iran.
本研究测量了伊朗不同类型残疾中的社会经济不平等情况。我们还考察了2011年伊朗不同社会人口群体中的残疾患病率。
这是一项利用对所有伊朗人的二手数据分析的横断面研究。与每个省份的残疾患病率和社会经济地位（SES）相关的数据，是从伊朗统计中心（SCI）进行的2011年全国人口和住房普查（NCPH）以及2011年家庭收入和支出调查（HIES）中提取的。集中指数和集中曲线用于测量和说明不同类型残疾中的社会经济不平等情况。卡方检验也用于考察社会人口变量（年龄组、性别、教育水平、就业状况）与残疾之间的关系。
结果表明伊朗在失明、失聪、嗓音障碍和手部障碍方面存在社会经济不平等。这四种残疾的集中指数分别为-0.0527（95%置信区间[CI]：-0.0881，-0.0173）、-0.0451（CI：-0.0747，-0.0156）、-0.0663（CI：-0.1043，-0.0282）和-0.0545（CI：-0.0940，-0.0151）。年龄组、性别、教育水平、就业状况等人口变量与残疾之间也存在显著关联（<0.05）。
伊朗不同类型残疾中存在显著的社会经济不平等，较贫困省份在失明、失聪、嗓音障碍和手部障碍方面的残疾患病率更高。在伊朗，应将解决较贫困省份中不同类型残疾较高患病率的策略视为优先事项。
