BACKGROUND

Mental disorders are prevalent among individuals with disabilities, often exacerbated by socioeconomic factors. This study aims to examine the prevalence of mental disorders among people with disabilities in Iran, addressing a significant yet under-researched issue within this population.

METHODS

Conducted in 2023, this cross-sectional study focused on adults with physical and sensory disabilities (sight, hearing, speech) in Sanandaj city. A total of 613 individuals participated, selected through simple random sampling. Data were gathered utilizing the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28). Multivariate logistic regression identified significant predictors of mental disorder suspicion, while the concentration index (C) and concentration curve (CC) measured prevalence inequality. Data analysis was conducted using STATA software version 16.0.

RESULTS

The prevalence of mental disorder suspicion was 56.7% (344 individuals), with severity categorized as 29.7% mild, 16.6% moderate, and 10.4% severe. Significant predictors for increased odds of mental disorder symptoms included being female (AOR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.05-2.29), under 30 years old (AOR: 3.46; 95% CI: 1.55-5.76), unemployed (AOR: 4.10; 95% CI: 2.74-6.14), lacking supplementary insurance (AOR: 2.78; 95% CI: 1.49-5.20), and belonging to the poorest economic class (AOR: 4.23; 95% CI: 2.34-7.62). The suspicion of mental disorders was unevenly distributed and concentrated among individuals with lower economic status (C = -0.395).

CONCLUSION

This study highlights significant mental health disparities among individuals with disabilities, particularly in economically disadvantaged groups. Health policies should focus on prevention and access to mental health services, such as community-based programs, healthcare provider training, and financial assistance, alongside efforts to improve employment opportunities for this population.