Elango Rajavel, Ball Ronald O, Pencharz Paul B
The Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2008 Jan;11(1):34-9. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e3282f2a5a4.
To discuss recent amino acid requirement studies in adult humans and school-age children, primarily determined using the indicator amino acid oxidation technique.
Using the minimally invasive indicator amino acid oxidation model, requirements for most indispensable amino acids have been defined in adult humans. The estimates are comparable to the values obtained using the more elaborate 24-h indicator amino acid oxidation and balance model. The less-invasive indicator amino acid oxidation model has also been successfully applied to define requirements in healthy school-age children and children with disease. A recent adaptation of the indicator amino acid oxidation method to determine protein requirements in adult humans resulted in mean and safe values of 0.93 and 1.2 g protein/kg/day, respectively. These estimates are 40-50% higher than current recommendations and suggest an urgent need to reassess recommendations for protein intake in humans.
In summary, indicator amino acid oxidation is a robust technique, and has resulted in the definition of amino acid and protein requirements in adult humans and children. A wider application of the technique in other vulnerable populations across life stages and in other diseases is now possible.
讨论近期针对成年人和学龄儿童的氨基酸需求研究，这些研究主要采用指示性氨基酸氧化技术来确定。
使用微创指示性氨基酸氧化模型，已确定了成年人对大多数必需氨基酸的需求量。这些估计值与使用更复杂的24小时指示性氨基酸氧化和平衡模型获得的值相当。侵入性较小的指示性氨基酸氧化模型也已成功应用于确定健康学龄儿童和患病儿童的需求量。最近对指示性氨基酸氧化方法进行了调整，以确定成年人的蛋白质需求量，得出的平均值和安全值分别为0.93克蛋白质/千克/天和1.2克蛋白质/千克/天。这些估计值比当前建议值高出40-50%，表明迫切需要重新评估人类蛋白质摄入量的建议。
总之，指示性氨基酸氧化是一种可靠的技术，已用于确定成年人和儿童的氨基酸及蛋白质需求量。现在有可能在生命各阶段的其他脆弱人群以及其他疾病中更广泛地应用该技术。
