Coalson J J, Collins J F
Br J Exp Pathol. 1985 Apr;66(2):205-15.
Severe airway lesions can result following exposure to various pathogens or toxic gases and can show a variety of pathologic lesions including necrotizing bronchitis, bronchiolitis and bronchiectasis. The purpose of this study was to develop a chronic airway lesion in the hamster, a species recognized for its lack of endogenous pulmonary disease. We have successfully adapted a technique of inducing rabbit airway lesions with nitric acid to the hamster lung and have characterized the morphologic, morphometric and biochemical features of the model. Following a transorotracheal instillation of 0.5% HNO3 in saline, Syrian golden hamsters showed during a 60-day study period a spectrum of airway changes including acute bronchitis, acute bronchiolitis, obliterative bronchiolitis, bronchiolectasia and bronchiectasis. Morphometric changes in the HNO3-treated hamsters included decreased lung volumes and decreased internal surface areas. Biochemical changes showed increases in lung weight and in total collagen and elastin. The model is useful because a prolonged insult to the airways develops rapidly and persists over a long period of time, important features for investigations designed to study the effects of superimposed insults upon pre-existent airway lesions.
暴露于各种病原体或有毒气体后可导致严重的气道病变，这些病变可表现出多种病理损害，包括坏死性支气管炎、细支气管炎和支气管扩张。本研究的目的是在仓鼠中建立一种慢性气道病变模型，仓鼠是一种公认的无内源性肺部疾病的物种。我们已成功地将用硝酸诱导兔气道病变的技术应用于仓鼠肺，并对该模型的形态学、形态计量学和生物化学特征进行了描述。经口气管内滴注0.5%硝酸盐水溶液后，叙利亚金黄仓鼠在60天的研究期内出现了一系列气道变化，包括急性支气管炎、急性细支气管炎、闭塞性细支气管炎、细支气管扩张和支气管扩张。硝酸处理组仓鼠的形态计量学变化包括肺容积减小和内表面积减小。生物化学变化表现为肺重量以及总胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白增加。该模型很有用，因为对气道的长期损伤发展迅速且持续很长时间，这对于研究叠加损伤对已存在气道病变的影响的研究来说是重要特征。
