Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2018 Jul;61:61-66. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.05.010. Epub 2018 May 24.
Iran is one of the main suppliers of pistachio for the European market accounting for over 90% of its demands; hence, efficient analytical methods are required for detection of mycotoxins contamination in pistachio kernels before exporting them. In this study, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) levels in five pistachio cultivars collected from four sites of Iran, were measured by HPLC. Based on the results, risk assessment for AFB1 and OTA residues was done. The highest mean concentrations of AFB1 and OTA were found in Ahmad-aghaei (4.33 and 2.19 ng/g, respectively) and Akbari (4.08 and 1.943 ng/g, respectively) cultivars from Rafsanjan, Iran. Even the highest concentrations of AFB1 and OTA in analyzed samples were lower than the corresponding maximum limits set by EU authorities. The hazard index (HI) value for consumers of Iranian pistachio is below one. It could be concluded that consumption of pistachio cultivated in these regions poses no health risk of mycotoxins exposure.
伊朗是欧洲市场上主要的开心果供应国之一，占其需求的 90%以上；因此，在出口开心果之前，需要采用有效的分析方法来检测其黄曲霉毒素 B1（AFB1）和赭曲霉毒素 A（OTA）的污染情况。本研究采用 HPLC 法测定了来自伊朗四个产地的五个不同品种开心果中 AFB1 和 OTA 的含量。根据检测结果进行了 AFB1 和 OTA 残留的风险评估。在伊朗拉夫桑詹，Ahmad-aghaei（4.33ng/g）和 Akbari（4.08ng/g）品种的 AFB1 和 OTA 的平均浓度最高，分别为 2.19ng/g 和 1.943ng/g。即使在分析样本中发现的 AFB1 和 OTA 的最高浓度也低于欧盟当局规定的相应限量。伊朗开心果消费者的危害指数（HI）值低于 1。由此可以得出结论，食用这些地区种植的开心果不会对摄入霉菌毒素造成健康风险。
