Chandrupatla Siddardha G, Ramachandra Ranadheer, Dantala Satyanarayana, Pushpanjali Krishnappa, Tavares Mary
Department of Oral Epidemiology and Health Policy, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
Department of Public Health Dentistry, M.S. Ramaiah Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, India.
Curr Diabetes Rev. 2019;15(1):67-73. doi: 10.2174/1573399814666180531121921.
The study was conducted to assess the utilization of medical and dental services by dental patients at two dental school hospitals and to approximate the number of patients having no known previous diagnosis of type 2 diabetes but are at high risk of acquiring it.
A cross-sectional study was conducted at two dental school hospitals in India. A 20-item questionnaire was administered as interviews among the dental patients aged 35 to 55 years. Data was collected on past dental and medical visits, medical history, family history relevant to diabetes, cardiovascular health, BMI and waist circumference (measured).
A total of 413 adult patients (males 61.26%, females 38.74%) participated in the surveys. The mean age was 43.06 years. Results revealed that nearly 50% did not have a medical or a dental visit in the last 1 year, 33% had Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). Among those who did not have medical visit in last one year 45% had BMI >25 kg, 55% had waist circumference above the normal range and 38% were at high risk of diabetes.
The high number of patients without a medical visit in the past year or more, as well as the high levels of diabetes risk indicators, affirms the need for dentists to perform chair-side screenings for diabetes. These results suggest the need for additional training among dental students to improve early detection and identification of high-risk patients to minimize potential morbidity due to diabetes.
本研究旨在评估两所牙科学院附属医院牙科患者对医疗和牙科服务的利用情况，并估算那些既往未被诊断为2型糖尿病但患2型糖尿病风险较高的患者数量。
在印度的两所牙科学院附属医院开展了一项横断面研究。对年龄在35至55岁的牙科患者进行访谈，采用一份包含20个条目的问卷。收集了过去的牙科和医疗就诊情况、病史、与糖尿病相关的家族史、心血管健康状况、体重指数（BMI）和腰围（测量值）等数据。
共有413名成年患者（男性占61.26%，女性占38.74%）参与了调查。平均年龄为43.06岁。结果显示，近50%的患者在过去1年中未进行过医疗或牙科就诊，33%的患者患有心血管疾病（CVD）。在过去一年未进行医疗就诊的患者中，45%的患者BMI>25kg，55%的患者腰围超出正常范围，38%的患者处于糖尿病高风险状态。
过去一年或更长时间内未进行医疗就诊的患者数量众多，以及糖尿病风险指标水平较高，这证实了牙医进行糖尿病椅旁筛查的必要性。这些结果表明，牙科学生需要接受额外培训，以改善对高风险患者的早期检测和识别，从而将糖尿病导致的潜在发病率降至最低。
