Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020065. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2020065. Epub 2020 Sep 18.
This study aimed to approximate the prevalence of hyperglycemia in India.
The study was conducted using the Demographic and Health Survey 2015-16 (also known as the National Family Health Survey-4), which surveyed 811,808 individuals using a stratified, multistage, cluster sampling design. This cross-sectional survey recorded socio-demographic and anthropometric data, including blood glucose levels, of adults aged 18 years to 54 years.
The final analysis included 718,597 individuals, of whom 49.90% (weighted) were males. The overall prevalence of diabetes was 6.65% and that of prediabetes was 5.57%. A positive association was seen with urban residence, geographic region, sex, age, body mass index, socioeconomic status, and hypertension. Approximately two-thirds of individuals with diabetes lived in urban areas, and about half of the urban population was considered overweight/obese. South India showed a higher prevalence of diabetes (prevalence ratio, 2.01; p<0.001) than northern India.
Hyperglycemia (diabetes and prediabetes) has a high prevalence in India and is a major public health issue. Diabetes is unevenly distributed based on geographic location and urbanization. Prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies should consider this uneven distribution of diabetes.
本研究旨在估算印度高血糖症的流行情况。
本研究使用了 2015-16 年人口与健康调查（也称为国家家庭健康调查-4），该调查采用分层、多阶段、聚类抽样设计对 811808 人进行了调查。这项横断面调查记录了成年人的社会人口统计学和人体测量数据，包括血糖水平，年龄在 18 至 54 岁之间。
最终分析包括 718597 人，其中 49.90%（加权）为男性。糖尿病的总体患病率为 6.65%，前驱糖尿病的患病率为 5.57%。与城市居住、地理区域、性别、年龄、体重指数、社会经济地位和高血压呈正相关。大约三分之二的糖尿病患者居住在城市地区，大约一半的城市人口被认为超重/肥胖。与印度北部相比，印度南部的糖尿病患病率更高（患病率比，2.01；p<0.001）。
印度的高血糖症（糖尿病和前驱糖尿病）患病率很高，是一个主要的公共卫生问题。糖尿病的分布不均匀，与地理位置和城市化有关。预防、早期发现和治疗策略应考虑到糖尿病的这种不均匀分布。
