a Interdisciplinary Engineering Program , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , Alabama.
b School of Arts and Sciences, College of New Rochelle , New Rochelle, New York.
J Occup Environ Hyg. 2018 Sep;15(9):629-640. doi: 10.1080/15459624.2018.1484126.
The purpose of the study was to determine the potential for release of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in paint dust. The coatings aerosol resuspension system was developed and used for testing the generation and physical, chemical, and morphological properties of paint dust particles from mechanical abrasion (i.e., sanding) of coated wood surfaces. The paint dust emissions from bare and coated wood surfaces with multiple coatings using variable sandpaper grits were evaluated. Substantially higher particle number concentrations were measured for paint dust containing particles in the nano range (particles with aerodynamic diameter less than 100 nm) than those measured for wood dust. The variability of particle number concentration and size distribution of paint dust derived under different conditions indicated that considerable quantities of nanoparticles might be released from mechanical abrasion of painted surfaces that may induce unhealthy exposure conditions. Moreover, spectroscopic and microscopic analysis identified the presence of paint and wood components in paint dust, including titanium dioxide agglomerates that were originally embedded in the paint. The agglomerates were mostly attached to particles with sizes <100 nm, enabling them to potentially penetrate into the lower respiratory tract. These results demonstrated that the paint dust exposure generation system can provide qualitative and quantitative information on particle emissions and the abundance of nanoparticles from paint sanding in realistic conditions and they may be used to assess occupational and environmental exposures and risks. Furthermore, the prevalence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in paint dust highlights the potential for exposures of painters and other occupational groups to hazardous paint dust and the need for protective devices and strategies aiming to reduce exposures to nanoparticles.
本研究旨在确定涂料粉尘中二氧化钛纳米颗粒释放的潜力。开发了涂层气溶胶再悬浮系统，并用于测试机械磨损（即打磨）涂覆木材表面时产生的涂料粉尘颗粒的生成以及物理、化学和形态特性。评估了裸木和涂覆木表面以及使用不同砂纸粒度的多层涂层的涂料粉尘排放。与测量到的木尘相比，含纳米级颗粒（空气动力学直径小于 100nm 的颗粒）的涂料粉尘的颗粒数浓度要高得多。在不同条件下得出的涂料粉尘的颗粒数浓度和粒径分布的可变性表明，从涂覆表面的机械磨损可能会释放出相当数量的纳米颗粒，从而可能导致不健康的暴露条件。此外，光谱和显微镜分析确定了涂料粉尘中存在涂料和木材成分，包括最初嵌入涂料中的二氧化钛团聚体。团聚体主要附着在小于 100nm 的颗粒上，从而有可能进入下呼吸道。这些结果表明，涂料粉尘暴露生成系统可以提供有关在实际条件下从涂料打磨产生的颗粒排放和纳米颗粒丰度的定性和定量信息，并且可以用于评估职业和环境暴露风险。此外，涂料粉尘中二氧化钛纳米颗粒的普遍存在突出表明了油漆工和其他职业群体接触危险涂料粉尘的潜在风险，以及需要使用旨在减少纳米颗粒暴露的防护设备和策略。
