Mechatronics, Helmut-Schmidt-University, Holstenhofweg 85, Hamburg, 22043, Germany.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2018 May;143(5):2571. doi: 10.1121/1.5034767.
An application of active noise control (ANC) is the active headrest, using actuators (loadspeakers), sensors (microphones), and a controller to create a local zone of quiet around the occupants head. In this paper, the attenuation performance of various ANC-algorithms for active headrests known from literature is evaluated considering non-stationary broadband disturbances and head movement. Numerical studies are performed to determine the optimal plant models and parameters for the ANC-algorithms. Based on the findings of the numerical studies, several real-time experiments are conducted with and without head tracking examining the distribution of the 10 dB zone of quiet and the attenuation at the occupants ear using either a head mounted microphone technique, the remote microphone technique, the virtual microphone technique, or the virtual microphone control method. It is found that none of the algorithms using a virtual sensing technique can produce a 10 dB zone of quiet for all considered non-stationary broadband disturbances and head movement. For the algorithm using a head mounted microphone, it is possible to form a 10 dB zone of quiet, but placing a microphone at the ear is not feasible in most situations.
主动噪声控制（ANC）的一种应用是主动头枕，它使用执行器（负载扬声器）、传感器（麦克风）和控制器在乘客头部周围创建一个局部安静区域。本文考虑非平稳宽带干扰和头部运动，评估了文献中已知的各种用于主动头枕的 ANC 算法的衰减性能。进行数值研究以确定 ANC 算法的最优植物模型和参数。基于数值研究的结果，进行了一些实时实验，包括带有和不带有头部跟踪的实验，使用头戴式麦克风技术、远程麦克风技术、虚拟麦克风技术或虚拟麦克风控制方法，检查安静区的 10dB 分布和乘客耳朵处的衰减。结果发现，使用虚拟传感技术的算法都无法为所有考虑的非平稳宽带干扰和头部运动产生 10dB 的安静区。对于使用头戴式麦克风的算法，虽然有可能形成一个 10dB 的安静区，但在大多数情况下，在耳朵处放置一个麦克风是不可行的。
