Sowale Ayodeji, Kolios Athanasios J, Fidalgo Beatriz, Somorin Tosin, Parker Alison, Williams Leon, Collins Matt, McAdam Ewan, Tyrrel Sean
School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, United Kingdom.
Energy Convers Manag. 2018 Jun 1;165:528-540. doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2018.03.085.
The demand for better hygiene has increased the need for developing more effective sanitation systems and facilities for the safe disposal of human urine and faeces. Non-Sewered Sanitary systems are considered to be one of the promising alternative solutions to the existing flush toilet system. An example of these systems is the Nano Membrane Toilet (NMT) system being developed at Cranfield University, which targets the safe disposal of human waste while generating power and recovering water. The NMT will generate energy from the conversion of human waste with the use of a micro-combustor; the heat produced will power a Stirling engine connected to a linear alternator to generate electricity. This study presents a numerical investigation of the thermodynamic analysis and operational characteristics of a quasi steady state model of the gamma type Stirling engine integrated into a combustor in the back end of the NMT system. The effects of the working gas, at different temperatures, on the Stirling engine performance are also presented. The results show that with the heater temperature of 390 °C from the heat supply via conduction at 820 W from the flue gas, the Stirling engine generates a daily power output of 27 Wh/h at a frequency of 23.85 Hz.
对更好卫生条件的需求增加了开发更有效卫生系统和设施以安全处理人类尿液和粪便的必要性。无下水道卫生系统被认为是现有冲水马桶系统的一种有前景的替代解决方案。这些系统的一个例子是克兰菲尔德大学正在研发的纳米膜马桶（NMT）系统，其目标是在处理人类排泄物的同时发电并回收水。NMT将利用微型燃烧器通过人类排泄物的转化来产生能量；产生的热量将为连接到线性交流发电机的斯特林发动机提供动力以发电。本研究对集成在NMT系统后端燃烧器中的伽马型斯特林发动机的准稳态模型进行了热力学分析和运行特性的数值研究。还展示了不同温度下工作气体对斯特林发动机性能的影响。结果表明，当通过烟道气以820W的传导热供应使加热器温度达到390°C时，斯特林发动机在23.85Hz的频率下产生的日功率输出为27Wh/h。
