Ngo Ka Wai Joan, Amer Tarek, Man Louisa, Hasher Lynn
a Department of Psychology , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada.
b Rotman Research Institute , Baycrest Centre , Toronto , ON , Canada.
Memory. 2018 Nov;26(10):1396-1401. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2018.1483517. Epub 2018 Jun 4.
Cultural differences in information processing affect perceptual judgment, attention, and memory. We investigated whether cultural differences in processing patterns, specifically East Asian participants' tendency to encode holistically, compared to Western tendencies to process analytically, affect performance on an implicit memory test. First, participants completed a 1-back task on pictures with superimposed distracting words. After a delay filled with a computerised Corsi block task, they performed a word fragment task in which some fragments could be completed with the distracting words from the 1-back task. Critically, fragments were presented with the same pictures as previously seen (matched condition), with no pictures (control condition), or with pictures from other trials on the 1-back task (mismatched condition). Non-Asian Canadian participants showed virtually no priming for distraction, independent of the reinstatement of encoding context. East Asian Canadian participants showed superior priming for fragments that had been paired with their original pictures. They did not show evidence of a detriment for the mismatched, relative to control, condition.
信息处理中的文化差异会影响感知判断、注意力和记忆。我们研究了处理模式上的文化差异，特别是东亚参与者倾向于整体编码，与西方参与者倾向于分析处理相比，是否会影响内隐记忆测试的表现。首先，参与者在带有叠加干扰词的图片上完成一个1-back任务。在进行了一个电脑化的科西方块任务的延迟期后，他们进行了一个单词片段任务，其中一些片段可以用1-back任务中的干扰词来完成。关键的是，片段呈现时搭配的是之前见过的相同图片（匹配条件）、没有图片（控制条件）或1-back任务中其他试验的图片（不匹配条件）。非亚裔加拿大参与者几乎没有表现出对干扰的启动效应，与编码情境的恢复无关。东亚裔加拿大参与者对与原始图片配对的片段表现出更强的启动效应。与控制条件相比，他们在不匹配条件下没有表现出受损的迹象。
