Department of Applied Physiology and Wellness, Simmons School of Education and Human Development (Drs Huang, S. L. Davis and Purkayastha and Mr Frantz), and Dr Bob Smith Health Center (Dr P. F. Davis), Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas; Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas (Dr Moralez); Departments of Pediatrics/Division of Pediatric Neurology & Pain Management (Dr Sabo) and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Dr Bell), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2019 Jan/Feb;34(1):45-51. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000409.
To examine heart rate variability (HRV) at rest and with a 2-Back cognitive task involving executive function and sustained attention in athletes during the acute phase following concussion and compare them with the controls.
Twenty-three male and female collegiate athletes (20 ± 1 years) following (4 ± 1 days) a sports-related concussion and 23 sports- and sex-matched noninjured controls.
Continuous R-R interval was acquired using 3-lead electrocardiogram for 3 minutes each at rest and during the 2-Back task. HRV was quantified as percent high-frequency (HF) power.
At rest, lower percent HF power was observed in the concussed athletes (23 ± 11) compared with the controls (38 ± 14; P = .0027). However, with the 2-Back task, an increase in HF power was observed in the concussed group (39 ± 12; P = .0008) from rest and was comparable with the controls (36 ± 15). No difference in HF power between rest and 2-Back task was observed in the controls.
Lower HRV was observed at rest following concussion. An increase in HRV, suggestive of enhanced prefrontal cortex (PFC) functioning, was observed during a cognitive task in the concussed athletes. Therefore, cognitive tasks as early as 4 days after injury may increase PFC functioning from rest and expedite return to learn in collegiate athletes.
研究在脑震荡后的急性期，运动员在执行功能和持续注意力的 2 背认知任务时的静息心率变异性（HRV），并与对照组进行比较。
23 名男性和女性大学生运动员（20 ± 1 岁）在（4 ± 1 天）运动相关脑震荡后，以及 23 名运动和性别匹配的未受伤对照组。
使用 3 导联心电图连续采集 3 分钟的 R-R 间期，分别在静息和 2 背任务期间。HRV 被量化为高频（HF）功率的百分比。
在静息时，脑震荡运动员的 HF 功率百分比（23 ± 11）低于对照组（38 ± 14；P =.0027）。然而，在 2 背任务中，脑震荡组的 HF 功率增加（39 ± 12；P =.0008），与对照组（36 ± 15）相当。对照组在静息和 2 背任务之间的 HF 功率没有差异。
脑震荡后静息时 HRV 较低。在认知任务中，脑震荡运动员的 HRV 增加，提示前额叶皮层（PFC）功能增强。因此，在受伤后 4 天内进行认知任务可能会增加 PFC 的静息功能，并加快大学生运动员的学习恢复。
