Chang Mun Young, Park Moo Kyun, Park So Hyeon, Suh Myung-Whan, Lee Jun Ho, Oh Seung Ha
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital;
J Vis Exp. 2018 May 19(135):57681. doi: 10.3791/57681.
To study the vestibular system or the vestibular compensation process, a number of methods have been developed to cause vestibular damage, including surgical or chemical labyrinthectomy and vestibular neurectomy. Surgical labyrinthectomy is a relatively simple, reliable, and rapid method. Here, we describe the surgical technique for rat labyrinthectomy. A postauricular incision is made under general anesthesia to expose the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane, after which the tympanic membrane and the ossicles are removed without the stapes. The stapes artery, which is located between the stapes and the oval window, is a vulnerable structure and must be preserved to obtain a clear surgical field. A hole to fenestrate the vestibule is made with a 2.1-mm drill bur superior to the stapes. Then, 100% ethanol is injected through this hole and aspirated several times. Meticulous dissection under a microscope and careful bleeding control are essential to obtain reliable results. Symptoms of vestibular loss, such as nystagmus, head tilting, and a rolling motion, are seen immediately after surgery. The rotarod or rotation chair test can be used to objectively and quantitatively evaluate the vestibular function.
为研究前庭系统或前庭代偿过程，已开发出多种造成前庭损伤的方法，包括手术或化学性迷路切除术以及前庭神经切除术。手术性迷路切除术是一种相对简单、可靠且快速的方法。在此，我们描述大鼠迷路切除术的手术技术。在全身麻醉下做耳后切口，以暴露外耳道和鼓膜，之后去除鼓膜和听小骨，但保留镫骨。位于镫骨和卵圆窗之间的镫骨动脉是一个易损结构，必须予以保留以获得清晰的手术视野。用2.1毫米的钻针在镫骨上方钻一个使前庭开窗的孔。然后，通过此孔注入100%乙醇并抽吸数次。在显微镜下进行细致解剖并仔细控制出血对于获得可靠结果至关重要。术后立即会出现前庭丧失的症状，如眼球震颤、头部倾斜和翻滚运动。转棒试验或转椅试验可用于客观定量地评估前庭功能。
