Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences-INSERM U1247, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
PlatAnN, C.U.R.S., University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
Addict Biol. 2019 Jul;24(4):664-675. doi: 10.1111/adb.12631. Epub 2018 Jun 4.
Binge drinking (BD) is often defined as a large amount of alcohol consumed in a 'short' period of time or 'per occasion'. In clinical research, few researchers have included the notion of 'speed of drinking' in the definition of BD. Here, we aimed to describe a novel pre-clinical model based on voluntary operant BD, which included both the quantity of alcohol and the rapidity of consumption. In adult Long-Evans male rats, we induced BD by regularly decreasing the duration of ethanol self-administration from 1-hour to 15-minute sessions. We compared the behavioral consequences of BD with the behaviors of rats subjected to moderate drinking or heavy drinking (HD). We found that, despite high ethanol consumption levels (1.2 g/kg/15 minutes), the total amounts consumed were insufficient to differentiate HD from BD. However, consumption speed could distinguish between these groups. The motivation to consume was higher in BD than in HD rats. After BD, we observed alterations in locomotor coordination in rats that consumed greater than 0.8 g/kg, which was rarely observed in HD rats. Finally, chronic BD led to worse performance in a decision-making task, and as expected, we observed a lower stimulated dopaminergic release within nucleus accumbens slices in poor decision makers. Our BD model exhibited good face validity and can now provide animals voluntarily consuming very rapidly enough alcohol to achieve intoxication levels and thus allowing the study of the complex interaction between individual and environmental factors underlying BD behavior.
binge drinking (BD) 通常被定义为在“短”时间内或“每次”大量饮酒。在临床研究中，很少有研究人员在 BD 的定义中包含“饮酒速度”的概念。在这里，我们旨在描述一种基于自愿操作性 BD 的新型临床前模型，该模型同时包含酒精的数量和消耗的速度。在成年雄性 Long-Evans 大鼠中，我们通过定期将乙醇自我给药的持续时间从 1 小时缩短至 15 分钟，诱导 BD。我们比较了 BD 与中度饮酒或重度饮酒（HD）大鼠的行为后果。我们发现，尽管乙醇消耗水平很高（1.2 g/kg/15 分钟），但消耗的总量不足以将 HD 与 BD 区分开来。然而，消耗速度可以区分这些组。与 HD 大鼠相比，BD 大鼠的饮酒动机更高。BD 后，我们观察到消耗大于 0.8 g/kg 的大鼠的运动协调能力发生改变，而在 HD 大鼠中很少观察到这种情况。最后，慢性 BD 导致大鼠在决策任务中的表现更差，而且正如预期的那样，我们在表现不佳的决策者的伏隔核切片中观察到多巴胺释放的刺激降低。我们的 BD 模型表现出良好的表面效度，现在可以提供自愿快速消耗足够酒精达到醉酒水平的动物，从而允许研究 BD 行为背后个体和环境因素之间复杂的相互作用。
