a Department of Global and Community Health , George Mason University , Fairfax , VA, USA.
b Department of Health Behavior and Health Systems , The University of North Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health , Fort Worth , TX, USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2018;44(6):678-685. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2018.1477944. Epub 2018 Jun 4.
Research suggests that reduced retail alcohol outlet density may be associated with lower prevalence of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). On-premise sale of alcohol for immediate consumption is theorized as increasing social interactions that can lead to sexual encounters.
We examined associations between on- and off-premise retail alcohol sales licenses and number of newly diagnosed HIV and STI cases in Texas counties.
Retail alcohol sales license data were obtained from the Texas Alcoholic Beverage Commission. HIV and bacterial STI data were obtained from the Texas Department of State Health Services. Associations between retail alcohol sales licenses and STIs were estimated using spatial linear models and Poisson mixed effects models for over-dispersed count data.
Adjusting for county-specific confounders, there was no evidence of residual spatial correlation. In Poisson models, each additional on-premise (e.g., bar and restaurant) alcohol license per 10,000 population in a county was associated with a 1.5% increase (95% CI: 0.4%, 2.6%) in the rate of HIV and a 2.4% increase (95% CI: 1.9%, 3.0%) in the rate of bacterial STIs, adjusting for potential confounders. In contrast, number of off-premise licenses (e.g., take-out stores) was inversely associated with the incidence of STI and HIV, although the association with HIV was not statistically significant.
This study adds to the limited literature on the association between retail alcohol availability and STIs. Additional research is needed on the role of alcohol availability (and policies affecting availability) in the spread of HIV and other STIs.
研究表明，零售酒类销售点密度的降低可能与 HIV 和其他性传播感染（STI）的患病率降低有关。理论上，酒类的即期销售会增加社交互动，从而导致性接触。
我们研究了德克萨斯州各县酒类零售店和酒类许可证的销售与新诊断出的 HIV 和性传播感染病例之间的关系。
从德克萨斯州酒精饮料委员会获得酒类零售许可证数据。从德克萨斯州州立卫生服务部获得 HIV 和细菌性 STI 数据。使用空间线性模型和泊松混合效应模型对过离散计数数据进行分析，评估酒类零售店和性传播感染之间的关联。
在调整了县特定的混杂因素后，没有证据表明存在残余空间相关性。在泊松模型中，每增加 10000 人中的 1 个酒类零售店（如酒吧和餐厅）许可证，该县的 HIV 发病率增加 1.5%（95%CI：0.4%，2.6%），细菌性 STI 发病率增加 2.4%（95%CI：1.9%，3.0%），同时调整了潜在的混杂因素。相比之下，酒类零售店（如外卖店）的许可证数量与性传播感染和 HIV 的发病率呈反比，但与 HIV 的关联无统计学意义。
本研究增加了关于零售酒类供应与性传播感染之间关联的有限文献。需要进一步研究酒类供应（和影响供应的政策）在 HIV 和其他性传播感染传播中的作用。
