Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Cogn Neuropsychol. 2019 Jul-Sep;36(5-6):193-207. doi: 10.1080/02643294.2018.1476335. Epub 2018 Jun 5.
Competitive accounts of lexical selection propose that the activation of competitors slows down the selection of the target. Non-competitive accounts, on the other hand, posit that target response latencies are independent of the activation of competing items. In this paper, we propose a signal detection framework for lexical selection and show how a flexible selection criterion affects claims of competitive selection. Specifically, we review evidence from neurotypical and brain-damaged speakers and demonstrate that task goals and the state of the production system determine whether a competitive or a non-competitive selection profile arises. We end by arguing that there is conclusive evidence for a flexible criterion in lexical selection, and that integrating criterion shifts into models of language production is critical for evaluating theoretical claims regarding (non-)competitive selection.
竞争账户理论认为，竞争者的激活会减缓目标的选择。另一方面，非竞争账户则认为目标反应时与竞争项目的激活无关。在本文中，我们提出了一个词汇选择的信号检测框架，并展示了灵活的选择标准如何影响竞争选择的主张。具体来说，我们回顾了来自神经典型和大脑损伤患者的证据，并证明了任务目标和产生系统的状态决定了竞争选择还是非竞争选择的出现。最后，我们认为有确凿的证据表明词汇选择中有一个灵活的标准，并且将标准转移纳入语言产生模型对于评估关于（非）竞争选择的理论主张至关重要。
