Enhanced phytoremediation of cadmium and/or benzo(a)pyrene contaminated soil by hyperaccumlator Solanum nigrum L.

The role of same amendment on phytoremediating different level contaminated soils is seldom known. Soil pot culture experiment was used to compare the strengthening roles of cysteine (CY), EDTA, salicylic acid (Sa), and Tween 80 (TW) on hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. phytoremediating higher level of single cadmium (Cd) or Benzo(a)pyrene (BAP) and their co-contaminated soils. Results showed that the Cd capacities (ug pot) in shoots of S. nigrum in the combined treatment T were the highest for the 5 and 15 mg kg Cd contaminated soils. When S. nigrum remediating co-contaminated soils with higher levels of Cd and BAP, that is, 5 mg kg Cd + 1 mg kg BAP and 15 mg kg Cd + 2 mg kg BAP, the treatment T showed the best enhancing remediation role. This results were different with co-contaminated soil with 0.771 mg kg Cd + 0.024 mg kg BAP. These results may tell us that the combine used of CY, SA, and TW were more useful for the contaminated soils with higher level of Cd and/or BAP. In the combined treatments of Sa+TW, CY was better than EDTA.